黑龙江省杂交粳稻研究的发展策略

Development Strategy of japonica Hybird Rice Study in Heilongjiang Province

为促进黑龙江省杂交粳稻的发展,本文简要回顾了国内外及黑龙江省杂交粳稻的研究概况,阐明了制约杂交粳稻发展的主要问题,即杂交粳稻产量竞争优势不明显,杂交粳稻配制组合的生态适应范围狭窄,杂交粳稻稻米品质表现不佳,杂交粳稻制种产量和纯度有待提高。提出了一些建议,例如利用全基因组关联分析技术确定杂交亲本的亲缘关系,采用多熟期亲本双优组合改良杂交粳稻的生态适应能力和米质,培育高异交特性不育系提高制种产量,应用分子技术进一步提高杂交粳稻育种效率。

In order to promote the development of japonica hybrid rice in Heilongjiang Province,this paper briefly reviewed the research situation of hybrid japonica rice in China and abroad and Heilongjiang Province.The main problems that restrict the development of hybrid japonica rice were clarified,such as unobvious competitive advantage,narrow ecological adaptation range of hybrid combinations,bad rice quality,less expected yield and purity.Based on the analysis of the causes,the methods to solve these problems were provided,for example,genome-wide association analysis was used to determine the genetic relationship of hybrid parents,the ecological adaptability and quality of japonica hybrid rice were improved by the combination of multiple ripening parents,seed production yield was increased by breeding sterile lines with high cross-crossing characteristics,molecular techniques were applied to further enhance the breeding efficiency of japonica hybrid rice.