新疆昭苏县不同季节和不同年龄段伊犁马消化道寄生虫感染情况的调查研究

Investigation on the Current Situation of Gastrointestinal Parasites Infection in Yili Horses with Different Ages in Varied Seasons in Zhaosu County of Xinjiang

试验旨在研究不同季节和不同年龄段伊犁马消化道主要寄生虫感染情况。在新疆昭苏县选取体重及健康状况相近的1岁(106匹)、2岁(116匹)及3岁(110匹)伊犁马,共计332匹,公母各半。分别于春季(4月)和秋季(10月)采集3个年龄的马匹粪便样品664份,每匹马2份(早、晚各1份),用于寄生虫卵的鉴定和计数。结果表明,在不同年龄段春、秋两季伊犁马粪便中共鉴别出6种虫卵,分别是马圆线虫、毛圆线虫、细颈三齿线虫、马副蛔虫、马尖尾线虫、球虫,其中马圆线虫、毛圆线虫、细颈三齿线虫、马副蛔虫感染率较高。春季1岁、2岁、3岁伊犁马,马圆线虫感染率分别为98.11%、90.52%、88.18%;毛圆线虫感染率分别为95.28%、89.66%、97.27%;细颈三齿线虫感染率分别为85.85%、78.45%、87.27%;马副蛔虫感染率分别为46.23%、35.34%、29.09%。秋季1岁、2岁、3岁伊犁马,马圆线虫感染率分别为87.74%、69.83%、78.18%;毛圆线虫感染率分别为74.53%、79.31%、86.36%;细颈三齿线虫感染率分别为65.09%、68.10%、76.36%;马副蛔虫感染率分别为46.23%、35.34%、24.55%。由该试验结果可以得出,新疆昭苏县伊犁马感染率较高的寄生虫有马圆线虫、毛圆线虫、细颈三齿线虫及马副蛔虫;1岁马驹寄生虫感染率及虫卵数量普遍高于2岁和3岁马;春季寄生虫感染率普遍高于秋季。

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of infections caused by main gastrointestinal parasites in Yili horses with different ages in varied seasons.A total of 332 healthy Yili horses(half male and half female)aged 1-year-old(n=106),2-year-old(n=116)and 3-year-old(n=110)with similar weight were chosen from Zhaosu County of Xinjiang,respectively.A total of 664 fecal samples were collected from the Yili horses with different ages in spring(April)and autumn(October),respectively.Dual samples were collected from each horse in the morning and the other in the evening,and the parasite eggs were recovered,identified and counted.The results showed that six types of parasite eggs were observed in the fecal samples collected from Yili horses with different ages in spring and autumn,including Strongylus equinus(S.equinus),Trichostrongylus orientalis(T.orientalis),Triodontophorus tenuicollis(T.tenuicollis),Parascaris equorum(P.equorum),Oxyuris equi(O.equi)and Eimeria uniungulati(E.uniungulati).Among them,high perveance was found in S.equinus,T.orientalis,T.tenuicollis and P.equorum.For the Yili horses one year of age,two years of age and three years of age observed in spring,the infection rate of S.equinus was 98.11%,90.52%and 88.18%,respectively;the infection rate of T.orientalis was 95.28%,89.66%and 97.27%,respectively;the infection rate of T.tenuicollis was 85.85%,78.45%and 87.27%,respectively;the infection rate of P.equorum was 46.23%,35.34%and 29.09%,respectively.For the Yili horses one year of age,two years of age and three years of age observed in autumn,the infection rate of S.equinus was 87.74%,69.83%and 78.18%,respectively;the infection rate of T.orientalis was 74.53%,79.31%and 86.36%,respectively;the infection rate of T.tenuicollis was 65.09%,68.10%and 76.36%,respectively;the infection rate of P.equorum was 46.23%,35.34%and 24.55%,respectively.Our results demonstrated that the dominant gastrointestinal parasites prevailing in Yili horses in Zhaosu County of Xinjiang were S.equinus,T.orientalis,T.tenuicollis and P.equorum;Yili horses one year of age were more sensitive to the gastrointestinal parasites infection compared to those two and three years of age;generally,higher gastrointestinal parasites infection rate in Yili horses was observed in spring than autumn.