基于活动方法的瓶颈模型在高速公路节假日拥挤收费中的应用研究

Research on Application of Activity-based Bottleneck Model in Highway Holiday Congestion Toll Collection

为有效缓解重大节假日高速公路免征所带来的的交通拥堵问题,在Vickrey经典瓶颈模型的基础上,提出了基于活动方法的瓶颈模型。研究了在线性边际活动效用下的阶梯收费问题,并于传统瓶颈模型进行仿真比较。传统模型高估了排队延误、阶梯收费水平、高峰开始时间和结束时间。结果表明,基于活动方法的阶梯收费在一定程度上分散了高峰路段的交通压力,避免由免征高速公路通行费所诱发的交通拥堵事故。

In order to effectively alleviate the traffic congestion caused by the exemption of highway on major holidays,a bottleneck model based on activity method is proposed on the basis of Vickrey's classical bottleneck model.The problem of stepped charging under linear marginal activity utility is studied and compared with the traditional bottleneck model.The traditional model overestimates queuing delay,step charge level,peak start time and end time.The results show that the stepped toll based on the activity method can disperse the traffic pressure in the peak section to a certain extent and avoid traffic congestion accidents caused by toll-free freeway..