对转螺旋桨用盘式永磁电机特性分析及其直接转矩控制

Analysis and Direct Torque Control of a Disc Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Contra-rotating Propellers

传统对转螺旋桨多采用燃气轮机和机械传动的驱动装置,该装置存在着结构复杂、体积庞大、噪声污染等问题,文中设计一种基于电力推进对转螺旋桨用的盘式永磁同步电机(disc contra-rotating permanent magnet synchronous motor,DC-PMSM)。在分析新型盘式对转永磁电机结构与工作原理的基础上,研究该电机的磁路特性,并通过三维有限元计算分析DC-PMSM的双转子反电势的叠加特性、双转子转矩特性等;然后,针对盘式对转永磁电机单定子双转子的特殊结构,提出一种基于转矩角分时控制的直接转矩控制策略,解决负载转矩不对称时盘式对转电机双转子转速不可控的问题,实现双转子的同步运行;最后,通过三维有限元仿真计算与原理样机实验分析,验证新型盘式对转永磁电机的设计方法的正确性和所提控制策略的有效性。

It is usual that adopting gas turbine with a mechanical transmission device to drive contra-rotating propellers(CRP),but the device has many problems such as complex structure,huge volume,noise pollution and so on.A novel disc contra-rotating permanent magnet synchronous motor(DC-PMSM)for electric propulsion contra-rotating propeller was designed.Firstly,based on the analysis of the structure and working principle of the new DC-PMSM,the magnetic circuit characteristic of the motor was studied.And superposition characteristics of back EMF and dual-rotor torque characteristics of the DC-PMSM were examined by three-dimensional finite element method(3 D-FEM).Secondly,aiming at the unusual structure of a single-stator-double-rotor of the DC-PMSM,a direct torque control(DTC)algorithm based on torque angle time-sharing control was proposed.The algorithm can suppress the uncontrollable speed of the DC-PMSM when the load torques were unbalanced,and synchronous operation of double-rotor was realized.Finally,the effectiveness of the designed DC-PMSM and the feasibility of the proposed torque angle time-sharing control algorithm were verified by 3 D-FEM and prototype experiments.