不同烤烟种质的烟碱含量与其农艺性状的相关性分析

Study on the Correlation between Nicotine Content and Agronomic Traits in Different Varieties of Flue-cured Tobacco

为探索适合烟碱品质改良的田间选育方法,本研究先通过对比三种烟叶处理方法对烟碱含量的影响,确定冷冻干燥新鲜烟叶方法作为样品处理方法。再选取116份烤烟品种作为供试群体,连续4年种植在南方试验点(四川西昌)。以简单相关分析、主成分分析方法对13个农艺性状与鲜烟叶烟碱含量的相关性进行评价。结果表明烤烟农艺性状的变异系数丰富,变异系数达12%~30%,烟碱含量的变异系数高达30%。经简单相关分析表明:株高与烟碱含量显著正相关,叶数、茎围、上二棚叶长宽比、上二棚叶长、下二棚叶宽共5个农艺性状与烟碱含量显著负相关。经主成分分析,结果显示:三个因子(烟叶长宽比,叶长,株高)是与烟碱含量相关的主要因子。因此,在西昌地区进行烟碱品质改良的田间选育时,宜将上二棚及腰叶的叶长宽比作为首要筛选标准,并综合考虑株高,叶数等性状。

The aim of this study is to explore new evaluation method for tobacco breeding. Firstly, we compared influence on nicotine content by three method of tobacco leaves treatment, then determined to use the method of freeze-drying fresh tobacco leaves as sample treatment method. Secondly, 13 agronomic traits and nicotine content of 116 flue-cured tobacco varieties were measured in 4 consecutive years in the southern test site(Xichang, Sichuan). Simple correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to explore the relationship between nicotine content and these traits. The results showed that variations of main agronomic traits in these varieties were abundant with the coefficients of variation ranging from 12%~30%. The variation coefficient of nicotine content was up to 30%. Simple correlation analysis showed that nicotine content was significantly positively correlated with the plant height and negative correlated with leaves number, stem girth, top leaf length-width ration, top leaf length bottom leaf width. Principal component analysis showed the three factors(leaf length-width ration, leaf length and plant) were largely responsible for nicotine content. Therefore, when breeding for flue-cured tobacco varieties in Xichang test site, the length-width ration of top leaf and middle leaf should be taken as the primary screening criteria, then plant height and leaf number should be considered comprehensively.