红薯摄入与新诊断2型糖尿病的相关性分析

Correlation between sweet potato intake and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus

目的探究成年人群中红薯摄入频率与新诊断2型糖尿病(T2DM)之间的相关性,为T2DM的防控提供科学依据。方法于2014-2017年选择天津医科大学总医院健康管理中心26044名≥18岁体检人员为研究对象。通过问卷调查获得研究对象人口学特征、饮食习惯、运动习惯、疾病史等信息,进行体格检查及实验室检查。采用SAS 9.3软件进行方差分析和χ2检验,采用多因素logistic回归分析红薯摄入与新诊断T2DM的关系。结果新诊断T2DM患者共446例(1.71%)。根据红薯摄入频率将研究对象分为几乎不吃、≤1次/周、2~3次/周和≥4次/周4组,4组人群的血脂水平、血压、腰围、体质指数(BMI)、总能量、三大营养素、蔬菜、水果、甜食和二十碳五烯酸(EPA)+二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的摄入、身体活动量、吸烟、饮酒和代谢综合征患病情况不全相同,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,经混杂因素调整后,仅摄入红薯2~3次/周(OR=0.68,95%CI:0.48~0.97)与新诊断T2DM的关联性有统计学意义(P<0.05),而摄入红薯≤1次/周(OR=0.87,95%CI:0.67~1.13)和摄入红薯≥4次/周(OR=0.93,95%CI:0.58~1.47)与新诊断T2DM的关联性则无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论适量摄入红薯与较低的T2DM患病风险相关联,还需更多的队列研究或干预试验以确定红薯对T2DM的防控作用。

Objective To explore the correlation between sweet potato intake and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in Chinese adults and to provide the scientific evidence for the prevention and control of T2DM.Methods From 2014 to 2017,26 044 adults(≥18 years old)with physical examination in the health management center of general hospital of Tianjin medical university were selected as the subjects.The investigation was performed by the questionnaire(the demographic characters,dietary habits,physical activity and disease history),physical examination and laboratory test.The variance analysis andχ2 test were used to analyze the data,the multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between sweet potato intake and newly diagnosed T2DM.The used software was SAS 9.3.Results There were 446(1.71%)newly diagnosed T2DM patients.According to the sweet potato intake frequencies,the subjects were divided into 4 groups(almost no intake,≤1 time/week,2-3 times/week and≥4 times/week).There were significant differences of blood lipid levels,blood pressure,waist circumference(WC),body mass index(BMI),total energy,three major nutrients,vegetables,fruits,sweets and Eicosapentaenoic Acid(EPA)+Docosahexaenoic Acid(DHA)intake,physical activity,smoking,drinking and metabolic syndrome among four groups(P<0.05).Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting confusion factors,the risk of T2DM in patients with 2-3 times/week(OR=0.68,95%CI:0.48-0.97)was significantly lower(P<0.05).There was no significant difference of T2DM between subjects with≤1 time/week and subjects with≥4 times/week(OR=0.93,95%CI:0.58-1.47).Conclusion The moderate sweet potatoes intake correlated with lower prevalence of T2DM.More cohort studies and intervene experiments are needed to determine the role of sweet potato in the prevention and control of T2DM.