甘谷毛家坪遗址秦人骨的碳氮同位素研究

Study on the Qin Ancestors’ Bones in Maojiaping Site at Gangu Country by carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis

以甘肃甘谷县毛家坪遗址沟东墓葬区出土的秦人骨为研究对象,通过骨化学分析揭示该地区早期秦先民的饮食结构,探索其生产方式、经济模式等历史信息。采用碳氮稳定同位素分析方法,通过研究发现人骨样品的δ13 C值、δ15 N值分别分布在-15.4‰^-7.6‰及8.1‰~13.2‰范围内。由此可得出所分析的甘肃毛家坪遗址人骨中约2/3的先民食物结构中肉类食物占较大比例,约1/3的先民以植物性食物为主并辅以肉食。结合遗址考古发掘出土的动植物遗存,肉类的获取主要来源于驯养的家畜和部分狩猎物、植物性食物主要来源于C 4类作物,这与其生活的环境及以农牧兼营的经济模式密切相关。研究结果也为早期秦文化的深入研究提供更多资料和证据。

This paper takes Qin ancestors′bones unearthed from the eastern tomb burial area of Mao Jiaping site at Gangu country,Gansu Province as the research object.The results of bone chemistry analysis reveal the characteristics of Qin ancestors′dietary and explore historical information such as economic patterns.The carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis method was used to find that theδ13 C value andδ15 N value of human bone samples are distributed in the range of-15.4‰^-7.6‰and 8.1‰~13.2‰,respectively.About 2/3 of the human bones in the Mao Jiaping site have a large proportion of meat food in their dietary.About 1/3 of the ancestors′food structure is mainly plant food,supplemented by meat.According to the remains of animals and plants unearthed from archaeological excavations,meat is mainly obtained from livestock breeding and hunting of wild animals,and the plants are mainly derived from C 4 crops.The above-mentioned food structure is closely related to the living environment of the ancestors and the economic form dominated by agriculture and supplemented by animal husbandry.The research results also provide more information and evidence for the in-depth study of early Qin culture.