催化裂化新工艺发展现状

Current development status of new catalytic cracking processes

随着环保要求的日益严格,对降低汽油烯烃含量和生产低碳烯烃提出了迫切需求。催化裂化装置作为炼厂改质重质馏分油和生产轻质清洁燃料的核心装置,在改善产品品种分布和满足不同工艺生产目的方面取得了各种进展。简要介绍了单提升管反应器、多段进料提升管反应器、双提升管反应器、下行式催化裂化反应器、提升管与下行床反应器组合装置等,重点阐述各类型催化裂化反应装置的结构形式、工作原理、性能设计特点及适用范围。最后指出当前催化裂化工艺存在的问题,并对发展趋势进行了展望。

With the increasingly strict requirements of environmental protection,olefin content reduction in gasoline and low carbon olefin production are proposed urgently.As the core unit in a refinery to upgrade heavy distillates and produce light clean fuels,FCC unit has been made various progress in improving product distribution and meeting the production objectives of different processes.The singleriser reactor,multiple-stage feeding riser reactor,double-riser reactor,downer catalytic cracking reactor,combined riser and downer reactor are briefly introduced,and emphasis is put on the illustration of the structural type,working principle performance design characteristics and applicable scope of various FCC units.The current existing problems of catalytic cracking process are put forward and the development trend is prospected.