清代五台山汉藏混合样式寺院的成立——以镇海寺为例

The Establishment of Han and Tibetan Mixed Style Temple in Wutai Mountain in the Qing Dynasty:Taking Zhenhai Temple as an Example

通过历史资料,解读明清代五台山镇海寺中章嘉呼图克图灵塔的建立。揭示了一座汉藏混合样式寺院的形成过程。通过清代乾隆年间镇海寺的发展,揭示五台山地区汉传佛教和藏传佛教相互融合以及相互影响的实态。并认为这样的局面是由宗教的权威与世俗的权力相互作用推动形成的。镇海寺中一组塔院的成立真实地反映了清帝国的宗教政策和皇帝的意志。保留寺院中主要汉传佛教建筑物,在别院中建立藏传佛教灵塔形成塔院是汉藏混合样式寺院的新形式。

Through historical data, we find out the establishment of Changkya Khutukhtu Stupa of the Zhenhai Temple of Wutai Mountain is in the Qing Dynasty, and reveal the formation process of Han and Tibetan mixed style temple. According to the development of Zhenhai Temple in the Qianlong period, we reveal the integration and interaction between Han Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhism in the area of Wutai Mountain. And we believe that such a situation is promoted by the interaction between religious authority and secular power. The establishment of Tower Court in Zhenhai Temple truly reflects the religious policy of the Qing Empire and the will of the emperors. The preservation of the main Chinese Buddhist buildings and the establishment of Tibetan Buddhist pagoda in the other courtyard is a new form of Han and Tibetan mixed style temple.