量子势阱对量子态的影响的新应用——量子纠缠态的制备和激光的制造

New Applications of Quantum Potential Wells on Quantum States——production of quantum entangled states and production of laser

技术上制备量子纠缠态普遍利用晶体中的非线性过程来产生多光子纠缠态。2000年,美国国家标准局在离子阱系统上实现了四离子的纠缠态[1]。根据爱因斯坦的受激发射[2]理论,激光可以使用光抽运(光泵)[3]后用相干辐射场激发的方法制作。势阱的形式决定了在其中被束缚的粒子所能取的能级和波函数的形式,由众多量子理论教材中的教学内容可知这是量子力学基础理论的重点。理论上势阱可以制造量子纠缠态,也可以通过选取适当的振荡势阱来激发粒子到高能级以制造激光,下面介绍两个使用一阶势阱制备量子纠缠态的方法和使用势阱激发能级的方法。

Quantum entangled states can be produced technically.Nonlinear processes in crystals are commonly used to generate multiphoton entangled states.In 2000,the National Standards Agency(NSA)implemented the four-ion entangled states in the ion trap system.According to Einstein's theory of stimulated emission,laser can be produced by optical pumping and excitation of coherent radiation field.The form of potential well determines form of energy levels and form of wave functions of the bound particles.From the teaching contents of many quantum theory textbooks,we can see that this is a key point of the basic theory of quantum mechanics.In theory,potential well can create quantum entangled states.Laser can be produced by using an appropriate oscillating potential well to excite particles to high energy levels.Here are two methods to produce quantum entangled states by using first-order potential well and a way to excite particles to high energy levels by using oscillating potential well.