某职业中学学生对伤害危险因素认知及伤害预防教育需求研究

A Study on the Assessment of Injury Risk Factors and the Needs of Injury Prevention Education among Vocational High School Students

目的了解职中学生对伤害危险因素的认知和判断,以及伤害预防教育需求,为开展预防工作提供参考。方法采用整群抽样方法,抽取某职业中学学生1 229名,使用自编问卷进行调查。问卷调查内容包括:人口学基本信息、对伤害相关危险因素的认知和对伤害预防教育的需求。结果有效问卷1079份,76.18%的学生认识到生活中存在潜在的伤害危险因素。自身的潜在危险因素前两位是“安全意识缺乏”(54.87%)和“学习压力过大”(41.24%);家庭的潜在伤害危险因素前两位的是“父母对孩子不闻不问”(34.01%)和“家庭关系不和睦”(31.33%);学校的潜在伤害危险因素前两位是“学校氛围不好”(37.72%)和“学校安全教育缺乏”(36.89%);潜在危险环境因素前两位是“道路环境不安全”(48.19%)和“运动设施不安全”(33.36%)。最容易发生伤害的地点是马路/街道(63.30%);最容易发生伤害的年龄是小学生(66.91%),高中生(37.72%)居第六位。88.97%的学生认为有必要参加学校或其他机构开展的安全教育或活动,教育内容居前六位是校园欺凌(85.63%)、饮食卫生(80.26%)、交通伤害(74.42%)、诈骗(68.86%)、触电事故(65.06%)和急救(63.48%)。结论部分职业中学学生对生活中潜在伤害危险因素的认知不足;建议进一步重点开展伤害预防教育,特别是学生重点关心道路安全方面的教育。

Objective This research investigated the awareness of potential risk factors for injuries and the educational need to provide guidance for injury prevention among vocational high school students for injury prevention work.Methods By using stratified cluster sampling.a total of 1 229 vocational high school students were selected to fill out a self-designed questionnaire,asking about demographic information the awareness of the injury-related risk factors and educational needs for injury-prevention.Results There are 1 079 valid questionnaires.76.18%of vocational high school students were aware of potential risk factors of injuries.in daily life.Of the four categories of potential risk factors,including one’s own,family school,and environment.Of one’s own potential risk factors,the top two choices were"lack of safety awareness"(54.87%)and"excessive learning pressure"(41.24%).Of the potential risk factors,the top two were"parents ignore their children"(34.01%)and"in harmonious relationship among family members"(31.33%).Of the potential risk factors in school,the top two were“an unhealthy school atmosphere"(37.72%)and"lack of school safety education"(36.89%).Of the potential risk factors in the environment,the top two were"Unsafe road environment"(48.19%)and"unsafe sports facilities"(33.36%).The road/street was reported as the place where accidents happen at the highest frequency by a highest proportion(63.30%)of the participants.Primary school students(66.91%)was considered the population most vulnerable to injury.Most respondents(88.97%)indicated their need for safe education activities organized by the school or other institutes,including the topics relevant to school bullying(85.63%),dietary hygiene(80.26%),traffic injuries(74.42%),fraud(68.86%),electric shock(65.06%)and first aid(63.48%)in the order.Conclusions The awareness of potential injury risk factors in daily life and environment should be enhanced.Injury prevention education designed is recommended,with special attention to road safety education among vocational high school students.