玻璃体视网膜疾病的玻璃体蛋白质组学研究进展

Advances in vitreous proteomics of vitreoretinal diseases

玻璃体是凝胶状、透明且高度水合的基质。玻璃体中存在着许多影响视网膜生理功能的蛋白质,玻璃体内蛋白质组成在多种玻璃体视网膜疾病中发生特征性改变。因此,对玻璃体内蛋白进行蛋白质组学研究是了解玻璃体视网膜疾病病理生理机制、发现生物标志物和药物靶点的有效途径。近十年来,多种蛋白质组学方法逐渐应用于玻璃体的整体性蛋白质组研究,糖尿病视网膜病变、黄斑前膜、孔源性视网膜脱离等许多玻璃体视网膜疾病的玻璃体蛋白图谱初步建立,并发现了一些潜在的生物靶点。本文就蛋白质组学方法、玻璃体蛋白质组学在玻璃体视网膜疾病中的应用进展进行综述。

Vitreous is a gelatinous,transparent,highly hydrated matrix that fills the posterior segment of eye.A diversity of proteins that can influence retinal physiology are present in vitreous.Moreover,the protein composition of vitreous alters in a number of vitreoretinal disease states.Therefore,analysis of protein composition in vitreous is an effective way to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of vitreoretinal diseases and to discover biomarkers or treatment targets.Various proteomic methods have been gradually applied to the study of vitreous proteomics.Attempts aiming to establish a map of vitreous proteins for vitreoretinal diseases,such as diabetic retinopathy,epiretinal membranes,rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were performed over the last decade,some potential biomarkers have been discovered.This article reviewed the approaches of proteomics and advances in the study of vitreous proteomics of vitreoretinal diseases.