生活方式对企事业单位人群代谢综合征患病影响的调查

Survey on the prevalence ofmetabolic syndrome andlifestylein population in enterprises and institutions in Shanghai area

目的探讨生活方式对企事业单位人群代谢综合征(MS)患病的影响。方法以2017年来我院体检的上海地区人群为研究对象,收集相关体检数据以及婚姻、职业、家族史、膳食、运动、吸烟和饮酒等生活方式信息,比较各因素在MS患者和非MS患者间的差异,分析MS的影响因素。结果MS患病率为15.67%(男20.50%,女5.01%)。男性(OR=3.75,95%CI:3.02~4.67)、年龄(OR=1.07,95%CI:1.06~1.07)、高血压家族史(OR=1.51,95%CI:1.33~1.70)、肥胖家族史(OR=1.36,95%CI:1.10~1.70)、肉类及肉制品摄入200~299 g(OR=2.04,95%CI:1.25~3.33)和≥300 g(OR=2.70,95%CI:1.18~6.20)、蛋类摄入2个(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.13~2.42)和≥3个(OR=1.74,95%CI:1.22~2.52)、吃饭过快(OR=1.58,95%CI:1.39~1.80)和吃饭过饱(OR=1.48,95%CI:1.27~1.72)、饮食喜咸(OR=1.17,95%CI:1.04~1.33)、戒烟(OR=1.22,95%CI:1.01~1.32)和偶尔吸烟(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.02~1.65)及吸烟(OR=1.38,95%CI:1.13~1.68)是MS的危险因素;主食摄入400~549 g(OR=0.64,95%CI:0.42~0.98)、奶类摄入<250 ml(OR=0.80,95%CI:0.68~0.94)和250~499 ml(OR=0.84,95%CI:0.72~0.98)、豆类摄入<100 g(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.60~0.95)和200~299 g(OR=0.55,95%CI:0.33~0.93)、水果摄入100~399 g(OR=0.70,95%CI:0.54~0.91)和400~699 g(OR=0.62,95%CI:0.40~0.95)、中度(OR=0.77,95%CI:0.64~0.93)和重度运动(OR=0.40,95%CI:0.18~0.91)是MS的保护因素。结论MS受多种生活方式因素综合作用的影响,应开展针对性的健康教育,促使该人群自觉采纳有益于健康的膳食结构、改变不良饮食习惯及喜好,加强运动锻炼,消除或减轻不良生活方式对MS的影响。

Objective To investigate the lifestyle factors associated with metabolic syndrome(MS)enterprise employees and personnel in institutions.Methods The subjects in Shanghai area undergoing physical examination in our hospital were included from 2017,and the data were collected on the marriage,occupation,family history of disease,lifestyle information consisting of diet,exercise,smoking and drinking.Then difference was compared between prevalence of MS and non-MS to analyze the factors affecting incidence of MS.Results Overall prevalence of MS was 15.67%(20.50%for males and 5.01%for females).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that risks for MS were associated with men(OR=3.75,95%CI:3.02~4.67),age(OR=1.07,95%CI:1.06~1.07),family history of hypertension(OR=1.51,95%CI:1.33~1.70)and obesity(OR=1.36,95%CI:1.10.1.70),amount of meat and meat product intake ranging from 200 to 299 g(OR=2.04,95%CI:1.25~3.33)or over 300 g(OR=2.70,95%CI:1.18~6.20),egg intake of 2(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.13~2.42)or more than 2(OR=1.74,95%CI:1.22~2.52),quick eating(OR=1.58,95%CI:1.39~1.80),excessive meal(OR=1.48,95%CI:1.27~1.72),much salted diet(OR=1.17,95%CI:1.04~1.33),quitted smoking(OR=1.22,95%CI:1.01~1.32),occasional smoking(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.02.1.65)and smoking(OR=1.38,95%CI:1.13~1.68);whereas protective factors for MS were involved in staple food intake between 400 g and 550 g(OR=0.64,95%CI:0.42~0.98),milk intake less than 250 ml(OR=0.80,95%CI:0.68~0.94)and 250 to 499 ml(OR=0.84,95%CI:0.72~0.98),intake of legumesbelow 100 g(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.60~0.95)and 200~299 g(OR=0.55,95%CI:0.33~0.93),fruit intake ranging from 100~399 g(OR=0.70,95%CI:0.54~0.91)and 400-699 g(OR=0.62,95%CI:0.40~0.95),moderate intensity exercise(OR=0.77,95%CI:0.64~0.93)and high intensity exercise(OR=0.40,95%CI:0.18~0.91).Conclusion MS is affected by various lifestyle factors,suggesting that such population should be provided with targeted health education to consciously follow healthy dietary structure,change their unhealthy dietary habits and preferences,and strengthen exercise so as to eliminate or mitigate the impact of unhealthy lifestyle on MS.