热身强度对伊犁马心率变异性及1000 m速度赛成绩的影响

Effects of Warm-up Intensity on Heart Rate Variability and 1,000 m Race Performance of Yili Horses

【目的】研究不同热身强度对伊犁马心率变异性,分析1 000 m速度赛成绩的影响,为伊犁马赛前最佳热身条件的确立提供前期理论基础。【方法】选取11匹伊犁马为研究对象,控制马匹心率稳定在30%~40%HRmax(A区间)、40%~50%HRmax(B区间)、50%~60%HRmax(C区间)三个区间内热身后进行1 000 m速度赛。对不同强度热身时的心率变异性(HRV)与比赛用时进行差异性及相关性分析。【结果】在C区间热身后比赛成绩最好;在C区间热身时,与A区间热身时的值相比,SDNN、RMSSD、LF/HF、SD1极显著升高(P<0.01),HF显著增大(P<0.05),VLF、LF显著降低(P<0.05);与B区间热身时的值相比,SD1极显著升高(P<0.01);比赛用时与SD1极显著负相关(P<0.01),与LF极显著正相关(P<0.01),与VLF显著正相关(P<0.05)。【结论】热身可以提高马匹自主神经兴奋性,在C区间热身时马匹副交感神经活性最高,最有利于运动性能的发挥,比赛成绩最好。

【Objective】This project aims to study the effects of different warm-up intensities on heart rate variability and 1,000 m speed race performance of Yili horses in the hope of providing a early theoretical basis for the establishment of the best warm-up conditions before the Yili horse race.【Methods】Eleven Yili horses were selected as the research subjects.The horse's heart rate stabilized to warm up in the three intervals of 30%-40%HRmax(section A),40%-50%HRmax(section B)and 50%-60%HRmax(section C),and then the 1,000 m test race was conducted after warm-up.The differences and correlation between heart rate variability(HRV)during warm-up and competition time were analyzed.【Result】The results showed that:the best results were achieved after warm-up in section C.At the warm-up in section C,compared with section A,the values of SDNN,RMSSD,LF/HF and SD1 were greatly significantly increased(P<0.01),HF was increased significantly(P<0.05),VLF and LF were significantly reduced(P<0.05);compared with section B,the value of SD1 was greatly significantly increased(P<0.01);the competition time was greatly negatively correlated with SD1(P<0.01),was greatly positively correlated with LF(P<0.01)and was significantly positively correlated with VLF(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Warm-up can improve the autonomic nerve excitability of the horse.And the parasympathetic nerve activity of the horse was the highest during the warm-up in section C,which was most conducive to the performance of the sport and the best performance of the race.