水分调控对滴灌冬小麦品质特性的影响

Effects of Water Regulation on Quality Characteristics of Winter Wheat under Drip Irrigation

【目的】研究不同水分条件下各籽粒品质对水分的响应,分析水分对滴灌冬小麦品质特性的影响,以及滴灌冬小麦品质状况与水分的关系,为滴灌冬小麦节水管理提供依据。【方法】选用新冬22号、新冬43号为供试材料,设置灌量单因素多水平试验,在大田条件下设置225 mm(W1)、375 mm(W2),525 mm(W3),675 mm(W4)和825 mm(W5)5个灌水处理,研究灌水量对籽粒品质的影响。【结果】在水分胁迫下,湿面筋含量、蛋白质含量以及沉淀值均呈显著下降趋势,而产量、蛋白质产量、面团形成时间、面团稳定时间、吸水率以及容量均呈现先增后减的趋势。不同品种间蛋白含量与湿面筋含量、沉淀值呈极显著正相关,吸水率、面团稳定时间与产量、蛋白质产量均呈显著正相关。【结论】沉降值、蛋白质含量、以及湿面筋含量可以作为衡量小麦籽粒品质的参考指标,面团稳定时间和吸水率作为反映小麦产量的参考指标。在保证产量的情况下,适当减少灌量更有利籽粒品质的改善,滴灌冬小麦获得最高的籽粒产量和较优籽粒品质的灌量是525 mm。

【Objective】To study the effect of water on the quality characteristics of winter wheat under drip irrigation by analyzing the response of grain quality to water under different water conditions and explore the effect of water content on quality characteristics and reveal the relationship between quality and moisture and reveal the relationship between quality and water content in the hope of providing the basis for water saving management.【Method】Five irrigation treatments(225 mm(w1),375 mm(w2),525 mm(w3),675 mm(w4)and 825 mm(w5)were set under field conditions to study the effect of irrigation amount on grain quality.【Result】Under water stress,wet gluten content,protein content and precipitation value all showed a significant downward trend,while yield,protein yield,dough formation time,dough stability time,water absorption rate and capacity all showed a trend of first increase and then decrease.The protein content was positively correlated with wet gluten content and precipitation value,and the water absorption and dough stability time were positively correlated with yield and protein yield.【Conclusion】The precipitation value,protein content,wet gluten content can be used as reference indexes to measure the grain quality,dough stability time and water absorption rate can be used as reference indexes to reflect wheat yield.In this study,it was considered that under the condition of ensuring the yield,proper reduction of irrigation amount was more beneficial to improve the grain quality.The maximum grain yield and better grain quality obtained by drip irrigation was 525 mm.