《秦二世元年十月甲午诏书》解读与秦亡原因新说

Interpretation of the Imperial Edict Issued on Jiawu Day of the Tenth Month in the First Year of Qin’s Second Emperor and Reasons for the Demise of Qin Dynasty

湖南益阳兔子山遗址出土秦二世元年十月甲午诏书为进一步厘清秦二世时期的历史问题具有重要文献价值,特别是对秦亡原因的传统史学观点加以反思。诏书指出胡亥当政时期并不完全是司马迁、贾谊等人所说的法令与吏治刻深、“赋敛无度”“百姓困穷而主弗收恤”等情况,而是重视赦免罪人,“德惠”吏、民。秦王朝灭亡的主要原因是关东民心不安,尚未完全归附于秦,而不完全为“天下苦秦”所致。

The Imperial Edict Issued on Jiawu Day of the Tenth Month in the First Year of Qin’s Second Emperor has important literature value to clarify the historical problems in the period of the second emperor of Qin Dynasty and to reflect upon the traditional opinions on the reasons for the demise of Qin Dynasty.According to this imperial edict,it was not that during the rule of Hu Hai the law and governance were very severe and cruel,the government charged excessive taxes,the people were impoverished and the emperor didn’t care about them as Sima Qian and Jia Yi said,but that the government attached great importance to pardoning sinners,giving benefits to officials and people.Qin's demise was not totally because people hated Qin governance,but because Guandong people were restless and not entirely allegiant to Qin.