1991—2017年宁夏工业用水特征及问题分析

Characteristics and Problem of Ningxia Industrial Water Used in 1991—2017

为了优化宁夏工业用水配置,提高工业用水效率,统计并分析了宁夏1991—2017年工业取水、耗水量。总体上,近30年宁夏工业用水总量与其工业发展规模、用水效率相一致,呈现出工业用水得以有效控制、重工业用水增幅高于轻工业用水、重复用水率不断提升、废水排放量基本持平的特征。同时,提出了工业用水供需结构不合理、管理制度不健全、重复利用率不高,以及非常规水资源利用率低等问题。建议从推动工业用水监控、鼓励非常规水资源利用,以及提高工业重复用水率等方面解决宁夏工业用水困境。

Based on the data of industrial water use in Ningxia in the past 30 years,this paper analyses the changes of industrial water use in Ningxia.The result shows that industrial water use can be effectively controlled and the increase of heavy industry water use is higher than that of light industry water use.The rate of reuse water use is constantly rising,and the discharge of wastewater is basically flat.At the same time,the problems of unreasonable supply and demand structure of industrial water,imperfect management system,low reuse rate and low utilization rate of unconventional water resources are put forward.It is suggested that promoting industrial water use monitoring,encouraging unconventional water use,increasing industrial reuse rate are promising methods to solve the predicament of industrial water use in Ningxia.Through further optimizing the allocation of industrial water,improving the efficiency of industrial water use,reliable water resources support for the sustainable development of industrial economy in Ningxia is possible.