中国金花茶与越南金花茶叶表型差异性分析

Analysis on Leaf Phenotypic Differences of Chinese and Vietnamese Camellia Section Chrysantha Chang

以16种中国金花茶(Camellia Section Chrysantha Chang)与7种越南金花茶为研究对象,用主成分分析法分析9个叶表型性状的变异状况,并对23种金花茶进行聚类分析。结果表明,除了叶片长宽比和叶柄长/叶全长,越南金花茶其它叶表型指标的平均值均显著大于中国金花茶。不同种间的变异系数差异程度也不同,范围在9.10%~31.76%之间,其中,武鸣金花茶(Camellia wumingensis)的平均变异系数最小(9.10%),柠檬黄金花茶(Camellia limonia)的变异系数最大(31.76%)。主成分分析中,两个主成分累计贡献率达85.037%,说明它们包含了9个叶片性状指标的绝大部分信息。其中,叶宽的载荷量最大,其次是叶面积和叶子鲜重,是区分金花茶不同种最主要的叶片性状。聚类分析中,除了显脉金花茶(Camellia euphlebia)、塔姆岛金花茶(Camellia tamdaoensis)和箱宁金花茶(Camellia phanii)之外,其它的中国金花茶与越南金花茶之间存在较大的遗传距离,进一步说明中国金花茶与越南金花茶叶表型之间有明显的差异。

Using 16 varieties of Camellia Section Chrysantha Chang from China and 7 varieties from Vietnam as objects,variations of 9 leaf phenotypic traits were studied using principal component analysis and clustering analysis was conducted for 23 varieties.Results showed that average values of leaf phenotypic indices of Vietnamese C.Section Chrysantha Chang,except for leaf length to width ratio and petiole length to leaf length ratio,were significantly higher than those of Chinese C.Section Chrysantha Chang.Variation coefficients among varieties were different with the range from 9.10%to 31.76%.Average variation coefficient of Camellia wumingensis was the minimum(9.10%),while the maximum was Camellia limonia(31.76%).In principal component analysis,cumulative contribution rate of top two principal components reached 85.037%,which showed that they contained most of the information of 9 leaf traits.Among them,load capacity of leaf width was the largest,followed by leaf area and fresh weight,which were the most important leaf traits to distinguish different C.Section Chrysantha Chang varieties.Clustering analysis showed that there were significant genetic distances between Chinese and Vietnamese C.Section Chrysantha Chang,except for Camellia euphlebia,Camellia tamdaoensis and Camellia phanii,which further indicated that there were significant differences on leaf phenotypic traits between Chinese and Vietnamese C.Section Chrysantha Chang.