防波堤设计参数试验验证与规范对比研究

Comparative study of breakwaters design parameters between test verification and design code

以防波堤设计参数为研究对象,通过物模试验和规范公式计算两种方法对护面块体稳定性、次生波、越浪量和波浪荷载进行对比研究。结果表明,护面块体稳定性物模试验与规范公式结论一致,且设计有一定富裕度;次生波试验值明显大于规范公式计算值,差别在20%~40%不等;随着挡浪墙顶高程抬高,试验测得越浪量的变化幅度明显大于计算值;挡浪墙总水平力试验结果相当于规范结果的2.6倍。因此,在进行防波堤工程设计时,对于设计参数,不能仅用规范公式进行计算,应按规范要求进行物理模型试验,特别是堤后次生波、越浪量、波浪荷载等设计参数,力求通过试验验证使设计参数精准合理,以保证防波堤结构自身以及其所防护港内区域的安全性。

Taking breakwaters design parameters as the research object,the armor block stability,secondary wave,wave overtopping discharge and wave load are comparatively studied between physical model test and the code formula.The results show,in the physical model experiment of the stability of the armor block,the experimental results is consistent with the code formula,and the design value has a slight redundancy;the experimental value of secondary wave is obviously larger than that calculated by the code formula,and the difference is between 20%and 40%;as the top elevation of wave wall rises,the range ability of wave overtopping discharge is obviously greater through physical model experiment than the calculated value;the total test horizontal force of wave wall is 2.6 times of the design code value.Therefore,for design parameters of breakwaters,the physical model test should be carried out according to the requirements of the code,not just the code formula,particularly the design parameters such as secondary wave,wave overtopping discharge and wave load should be verified through experiments to make them accurate and reasonable,so as to ensure the safety of breakwaters structures itself and the protected area in the harbour.