玉树地区2018-2019年雪灾特征及决策气象服务思考

The Snow Disaster Characteristics and Decision-making Service Thought in Yushu Area in 2018-2019

2018年11月~2019年3月31日,玉树地区出现了20次降温降雪天气过程,杂多县、称多县清水河镇、囊谦县、曲麻莱县降雪量列1961年以来最多,玉树市列第2位,治多县列第3位。杂多县和称多县(气象站)≥2cm的积雪持续时间历史最长,曲麻莱县≥2cm的积雪持续时间接近历史最长;期间玉树大部地区最高气温偏低,积雪难以融化,致使部分地区出现轻—特重度雪灾。本文利用常规气象要素观测数据、雪灾实地调查等资料,对本案例进行了全面分析,旨在增强决策服务产品的有效性,提高决策服务能力。

The snowfall and cooling processes always happened from 1 November 2018 to 31 March 2019 over Yushu area.The snowfall amount in Zaduo,Qingshuihe,Nangqian and Qumalai during this period and the maximal persistent snow cover(depth≥2cm)days in Zaduo and Chengduo meteorological stations all broke the records since 1961.The lower maximum temperature and the lasting snow cover caused the snow disasters in some parts of Yushu area.This paper analyzes the case based on the meteorological observation data and the field survey reports,and aims to enhance the effectiveness of the decision service products and improve the ability of the decision service.