中国岩质边坡植被护坡技术研究进展

Advances in Biological Protection of Rock Slopes in China

高速公路建设等活动产生了大量的裸露岩质边坡。随着环保观念的逐渐普及和增强,人们对生态环境保护的要求越来越高,岩质边坡植被护坡技术已成为了工程建设技术的一个重要组成部分,并已取得了很多研究成果。首先分析了岩质边坡植被恢复的特点,然后从植被护坡技术应用、植物的选择和配置、生态基材的配比和特性、植被护坡机制和植被恢复效果评价5个方面对中国岩质边坡植被护坡技术的研究进行总结和概述,在此基础上,从特殊生境条件下的高陡岩质边坡植被护坡技术研发、岩质坡面-基材-根系的相互作用机理及整体力学稳定性、植被恢复效果评价长效机制和基于气候、地理环境等因子的岩质边坡植被护坡技术标准的编制4个方面,提出了该领域有待深入研究的问题及未来的发展趋势。

The construction of infrastructures such as highways always results in many exposed rock slopes.With the increasing awareness of human environmental protection,the higher requirement for environmental protection is being proposed.Therefore,as an important component of engineering construction technology,the biological protection of rock slope has obtained many achievements.Firstly,the features of vegetation restoration in rock slopes were analyzed.Secondly,the paper reviewed the application of biological protection technology in rock slopes,surface vegetation rational selection and design,the compound ratio of ecological base materials and their properties,the mechanism of vegetation restoration and its effect evaluation in China.Although much has been achieved,there are still many problems need to be deeply and systematically explored.The future studies may focus on the research and exploitation of biological protection in high-steep rock slope in special habitats,the interaction mechanism of rock slope-ecological base material-plant root system and its overall mechanical stability,constructing a long-term mechanism for the assessment and evaluation of the vegetation restoration and the establishment of technical specification for biological protection of rock slopes based on climate,geographical conditions.