生物质炭对邻苯二甲酸二丁酯污染土壤黄瓜幼苗生理特性的影响

Effects of Biochar on Physiological Characteristics of Cucumber Seedlings in Soils Contaminated with Dibutyl Phthalate (DBP)

通过模拟试验,研究利用生物质炭改善邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)污染土壤对黄瓜幼苗生理特性的影响。试验设计4个生物质炭处理(CK、C 0.5%、C 1%、C 2%)和3个DBP浓度梯度(0,20,40 mg/kg)。结果表明:DBP污染土壤施入生物质炭,在低含量(C 0.5%)时黄瓜幼苗细胞膜稳定性增强,较高含量(C 1%和C 2%)时细胞膜稳定性与对照基本一致;生物质炭的施入显著增强了黄瓜幼苗SOD活性,降低了CAT活性和光合色素(叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a+b和类胡萝卜素)含量,对APX活性影响规律性不显著,C 2%处理显著提高了POD活性。C 0.5%显著降低叶绿体荧光参数F0、Fm与Fv/Fm值;低含量(C 0.5%)时ΦPSII降低,而在中高含量时(C 1%和C 2%)ΦPSII与对照基本一致;C 0.5%且DBP含量0 mg/kg时,q P最大;施入生物质炭对NPQ的影响以C 1%最显著。灰色关联分析表明,生物质炭和DBP对黄瓜幼苗的影响首先从抗氧化酶活性上体现,然后叶绿素荧光系统做出相应的改变,最后影响到细胞膜的稳定性及光合色素含量的变化。研究结果为进一步研究生物质炭对设施作物生理特性影响、DBP污染治理及生物质炭的合理应用提供科学依据。

The effects of biochar on physiological characteristics of cucumber seedlings in DBP contaminated soil were studied through simulation experiments.Four biochar treatments(CK,C 0.5%,C 1%and C 2%)and three DBP concentration gradients(0,20 and 40 mg/kg)were designed.The results showed that when the biochar was applied to DBP contaminated soil,the stability of cell membrane was enhanced at low concentration(C 0.5%),and remained basically the same as that of CK at high concentration(C 1%and C 2%).The application of biochar significantly enhanced SOD activity in cucumber seedlings,reduced CAT activity and content of photosynthetic pigment(chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,chlorophyll a+b and carotenoid),but had no regular effect on APX activity,and C 2%treatment significantly increased POD activity.C 0.5%treatment significantly decreased F 0,F m and F v/F m.ΦPSII decreased at low concentration(C 0.5%),and remained basically the same as that of CK at high concentration(C 1%and C 2%).When the biochar was 0.5%(C 5%)and DBP was 0 mg/kg,q P was the largest.The effect of applying biochar on NPQ was the most significant in C 1%.Grey correlation analysis showed that the effects of biochar and DBP on cucumber seedlings were firstly reflected in the activities of main antioxidant enzyme,then the chlorophyll fluorescence system changed accordingly,and finally the stability of cell membrane and the change of photosynthetic pigments content were affected.The results could provide scientific basis for further research on biological characteristics of facility crops,DBP pollution control and reasonable application of biochar.