荧光蛋白标记研究进展

Progress in fluorescent protein labeling

荧光蛋白标记由于其独特的颜色感官,在医学、遗传育种和草地植被抗病中占有重要的位置。荧光蛋白分子标记的选择与方法与其特异性的DNA有关,基因的结构是荧光蛋白标记、进行基因交流和促进基因表达的重要部分。荧光蛋白标记技术主要包括热激转导和电击转化两种不同的类型,需通过大肠杆菌作为载体结合菌株,不影响其任何生物功能,是目前大分子示踪检测及研究定殖的主要方法,研究荧光蛋白标记对病原菌和根际促生菌的定殖和良好利用优良菌株有着重要意义。但是,荧光蛋白标记是在分子水平,对研究的方法增加了难度。根据目前国内外已有的部分荧光蛋白标记研究,评述了标记的原理,标记的适用性以及标记的不同方法等内容,并展望了不同标记方法对利用荧光蛋白的可能性,以期为研究荧光蛋白标记提供系统的方法参考和技术借鉴。

Fluorescent protein labeling is an important method for research in the fields of medicine,genetic breeding,and grassland vegetation resistance.The selection of,and methods for using,fluorescent protein molecular markers are related to their specific DNA-binding properties.Gene structure affects fluorescent protein labeling,gene communication,and gene expression.Fluorescent protein labeling technology involves two types of transformation;heat shock and electric shock transformation.In both methods,Escherichia coli is used as a carrier of the gene construct encoding the fluorescent protein label.Monitoring of fluorescent protein labels is the main method used for macromolecular tracer detection and for observing colonization.Studies involving fluorescent protein labeling have been used for monitoring the colonization of pathogens and rhizosphere bacteria and for optimizing the use of excellent strains.However,it is difficult to study fluorescent protein labeling because the interactions occur at the molecular level.In this paper,we review fluorescent protein labeling in terms of its principles,the applicability of various markers,and different methods of using markers based on published literature.Various fluorescent protein labeling methods are also discussed.This review provides a reference for further studies on fluorescent protein labeling in China.