前哨淋巴结活检术在妇科恶性肿瘤中的应用

The Progress of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Gynecological Malignancies

前哨淋巴结作为具有明确解剖结构的器官或原发肿瘤引流区域中淋巴结发生转移必经的首要淋巴结,其存在可以较好地反映淋巴引流区域的累及情况。在恶性肿瘤的侵袭过程中,由于前哨淋巴结大多靠近肿瘤原发部位,并且位于淋巴直接引流的通道上,前哨淋巴结是最有可能发生癌细胞转移、浸润的淋巴结。目前有关前哨淋巴结的研究几乎涉及到了所有实体肿瘤,特别是在乳腺癌的研究方面取得了突出的成绩,而且在外阴癌及宫颈癌中针对前哨淋巴结活检术的开发也进行了较深的研究,为妇科恶性肿瘤中淋巴结的清扫提供了一定的依据。本文结合相关研究,对前哨淋巴结活检术在妇科恶性肿瘤中的应用与进展进行简单总结。

Sentinel lymph node(SLN)is the primary lymph node for the lymph node metastasis in these organs with definite anatomical structures or primary tumor drainage areas.And the presence of SLNs could directly reflect the involvement of lymphatic drainage areas.SLNs are the most potential lymph nodes to metastasize from malignant tumors because of their location,which is mostly located near the primary site of the tumor and lymphatic direct drainage channels.At present,researches of SLNs have been reported with different solid tumors,especially in researches about breast cancer,vulvar cancer and cervical cancer,which in turns provide certain bases to clinical treatments to the level of sentinel lymph node biopsy in gynecologic malignancies.This article summarizes the applications and progress of sentinel lymph node biopsy researches in gynecological malignancies.