反刍动物肝脏糖异生及营养调控

Mechanisms of Hepatic Gluconeogenesis and Nutritional Regulation in Ruminants

葡萄糖是哺乳动物主要的供能物质,在机体代谢中具有十分重要的作用。反刍动物体内葡萄糖的生成主要来源于肝脏糖异生。磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B-叉头框转录因子1(PI3K/Akt-FoxO1)、腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)以及哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)等重要通路/信号因子与肝脏糖异生密切相关,且营养物质底物、酶和激素等在反刍动物肝脏糖异生过程中发挥着重要的调控作用。因此,本文综述了反刍动物肝脏糖异生的过程、调节机制及营养调控措施,为改善反刍动物健康、生长与生产性能提供参考依据。

Glucose is the main energy substrate,which plays an important role in mammalian metabolism.Ruminants have a large reliance on gluconeogenesis in terms of meeting the glucose requirement,and liver comprises mainly of the total gluconeogenesis capacity.Important pathways/signal factors including phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B-forkhead box protein O1(PI3K/Akt-FoxO1),AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK),and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)are closely related to the hepatic gluconeogenesis,and nutrition substrates,enzyme activity,and hormone play an important role in regulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis in ruminants.Therefore,the mechanism of hepatic gluconeogenesis as well as the influence of nutritional regulations were summarized in this article,in order to provide the basic knowledge and reference for improvement of ruminant health,growth and production performance.