南极磷虾粉替代鱼粉对大规格银鲳生长性能、性腺指数及肌肉氨基酸与脂肪酸组成的影响

Effects of Antarctic Krill Meal Replacing Fish Meal on Growth Performance,Gonadal Index,Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Composition in Muscle of Large Size Pampus argenteus

本试验旨在研究南极磷虾粉替代鱼粉对大规格银鲳生长性能、性腺指数及肌肉氨基酸与脂肪酸组成的影响。选取初始体重为(131.88±4.25)g的大规格银鲳1 800尾,随机分为4组(每组3个重复,每个重复150尾),分别饲喂以南极磷虾粉替代饲料中0(对照)、10%、20%、40%鱼粉制成的4种等氮等脂配合饲料。试验期60 d。结果表明:1)南极磷虾粉替代鱼粉对银鲳末体重、体增重、性腺指数及成活率均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)10%组肝脏卵黄蛋白原(Vg)含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但10%、20%及30%组间肝脏Vg含量并无显著差异(P>0.05)。性腺Vg含量在20%组最高,且显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。3)各组间肌肉中必需氨基酸和总氨基酸含量无显著差异(P>0.05);然而,与对照组相比,各组肌肉谷氨酸含量显著下降(P<0.05),必需氨基酸异亮氨酸和苯丙氨酸含量显著升高(P<0.05)。各组间肌肉饱和脂肪酸(SAF)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、高度不饱和脂肪酸(HUFA)和n-3 HUFA含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。综合分析认为,在银鲳饲料中,南极磷虾粉替代鱼粉对大规格银鲳的生长未有显著影响,但从性腺与肝脏Vg含量来看,南极磷虾粉可在一定程度上促进其性腺发育;本试验条件下饲料中南极磷虾粉替代鱼粉的适宜比例在10%~20%。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Antarctic krill meal replacing fish meal on growth performance,gonadal index,amino acid and fatty acid composition in muscle of large size Pampus argenteus.A total of 1 800 large size Pampus argenteus with body weight of(131.88±4.25)g were selected and divided into 4 groups(3 replicates in each group and 150 fish in each replicate),and fed 4 isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets with Antarctic krill meal replacing fish meal at 0(control),10%,20%and 40%,respectively.The experiment lasted for 60 d.The results showed as follows:1)the replacement of fish meal by Antarctic krill meal had no significant effect on the final body weight,body weight gain,gonadal index and survival rate of Pampus argenteus(P>0.05).2)The content of vitellogenin(Vg)in the 10%group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the liver Vg content among 10%,20%and 30%groups(P>0.05).The gonad Vg content was the highest in the 20%group and significantly higher than that in the other group(P<0.05).3)There was no significant difference in the contents of essential amino acids and total amino acids in the muscle(P>0.05).However,compared with the control group,the content of glutamate(Glu)in the experimental groups decreased significantly(P<0.05).The contents of essential amino acids,isoleucine(Ile)and phenylalanine(Phe)were significantly increased(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the contents of saturated fatty acids(SAF),monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA),polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),highly unsaturated fatty acids(HUFA)and n-3HUFA among groups(P>0.05).In summary,the replacement of fish meal by Antarctic krill meal has no significant effect on the growth performance of Pampus argenteus parent.However,from the perspective of gonad and liver Vg content,Antarctic krill powder can promote the gonadal development of Pampus argenteus to some extent.Under the experimental conditions,the suitable proportion of Antarctic krill powder replacing fish meal in the feed should be between 10%to 20%.