昆虫信息素缓释技术的研究进展

Research Progress on Controlled Release Technology for Insect Pheromones

昆虫信息素是一类由昆虫个体释放于体外来调节或诱发同种其它个体行为与反应的化学物质。近年来,应用昆虫信息素防治虫害是当前有机农业绿色防控的新技术之一。与传统农药防治虫害相比,信息素具有高效、无毒、不产生抗药性以及对天敌无害的特点。此外,昆虫信息素通常易降解且挥发性高。因此,基于信息素的缓释技术引起了科研工作者的广泛关注,是涵盖化学、材料与农业的新兴交叉学科。通过某种特定的方法或技术使昆虫信息素缓慢控制释放,既能有效防治虫害,减少农药使用,提升环境生态水平,同时也能促进区域环境化学品总量与农业成本的降低。本文详细综述了昆虫信息素缓释技术的最新研究进展并对发展前景进行了展望。

Pheromones as a class of chemicals that are released from insects in vitro to regulate or induce the behavior and response of other individuals.In recent years,usage of pheromones as a replacement for pesticides against harmful insects has become a new technology for integrated pest management.Compared with traditional pesticide control methods,pheromones have some important ecological advantages such as high specificity,non-resistance,low toxicity and harmless to beneficial organisms.Furthermore,pheromones are generally susceptible to degradation accompanied with high volatility.Therefore,pheromone-based controlled release technology has attracted extensive interests of scientific community and is a new interdisciplinary subject covering chemistry,materials and agriculture.Controlled or sustained release of insect pheromones through a specific method or technology can effectively control pests,reduce the use of pesticides and improve the level of environmental ecology.At the same time,the controlled release technology can also reduce the total amount of regional chemicals and save costs.This paper reviews the latest research progress of sustained release technology for insect pheromone and the future development is prospected.