邯郸市区PM2.5污染特征及来源解析

PM2.5 pollution characteristics and source apportionment in Handan urban area

对邯郸市区内邯郸钢铁集团(邯钢)、邯郸市环境监测中心(环保局)、河北工程大学(矿院)3个点位4个季节代表月大气PM2.5样品进行采集,并对其离子、元素、碳质组分进行测试分析;利用基于排放清单、受体模型与空气质量模型相结合的综合来源解析方法,对邯郸市区大气PM2.5贡献来源进行分析.结果表明:邯郸市区PM2.5年均浓度为85.5μg/m3,秋冬季浓度明显高于春夏季,邯钢点位浓度略高于矿院和环保局;PM2.5中占比较高的组分为NO3-、SO4 2-、POA、SOA和NH4+,分别占15.7%、14.5%、13.2%、12.2%和12.4%,具有明显的二次污染和有机污染特征,冬季二次组分和有机组分占比略高于其他季节,环保局点位一次有机气溶胶(POA)和二次有机气溶胶(SOA)占比略高于矿院和邯钢;冶金和扬尘是PM2.5最主要的贡献来源,贡献率分别为27.0%和18.7%,冶金源在春夏季的贡献比例高于秋冬季,在邯钢点位的贡献率明显高于环保局和矿院.

PM2.5 samples were collected from three monitoring sites including Handan Iron&Steel Group(Han Gang),Environmental Monitoring Center in Handan(Huan Bao Ju)and Hebei University of Engineering(Kuang Yuan)in Handan urban area for typical months of four seasons.The water-soluble ions,elements and carbonaceous components were analyzed.A coupled PM2.5 source apportionment approach,combining emission inventory,receptor model and source-oriented model,was used to identify PM2.5 source contributions in Handan urban area.The results show that the annual PM2.5 concentration in Handan urban area was 85.5μg/m3.The concentration in autumn and winter was significantly higher than other seasons.The PM2.5 concentration in Han Gang site was slightly higher than that in other sites.The components in PM2.5 with higher proportion were NO3-、SO4 2-、POA、SOA and NH4+,accounted for 15.7%,14.5%,13.2%,12.2%and 12.4%of the total PM2.5 concentration,respectively,presenting obvious secondary and organic pollution characteristics.The proportion of secondary and organic components in winter was slightly higher than that in other seasons.The primary organic aerosol(POA)and secondary organic aerosol(SOA)in Huan Bao Ju site was slightly higher than that in other sites.Metallurgy and dust emission were the main sources of PM2.5 concentration.The contribution was 27.0%and 18.7%,respectively.The contribution ratio of metallurgy in spring and summer was higher than that in other seasons.The contribution ratio in Han Gang site was significantly higher than other sites.