海南地区水产品特异性IgG抗体检测结果分析

Specific IgG antibodies of aquatic products in Hainan region

目的探讨海南地区水产品特异性IgG抗体特征,为本地食物不耐受疾病的防治提供依据。方法选取2018年1~12月在海南省人民医院进行食物特异性IgG抗体检测患者1 321例,使用酶联免疫吸附试验检测常见10种水产品特异性IgG抗体水平,对结果进行统计分析。结果1 321例患者中水产品特异性IgG抗体检出率较高的分别是沙丁鱼(23.39%)、扇贝(22.33%)、草鱼(19.08%);不同年龄患者中,鳕鱼、蟹、虾、沙丁鱼、草鱼、带鱼、扇贝的特异性抗体检出率比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同季节的鳕鱼、蟹、草鱼和扇贝特异性抗体检出率比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);而性别方面,只有虾和沙丁鱼比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论沙丁鱼、扇贝和草鱼是海南地区引发食物不耐受的主要水产品,由于水产品特异性IgG抗体具有年龄和季节分布,因此通过IgG抗体的检测能够明确病因并对患者进行针对性的个体化治疗和宣教。

Objective To investigate the species and distribution characteristics of food intolerance about aquatic products in Hainan region,and to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and dietary recommendations for the particular group.Methods From January 2018 to December 2018,a total of 1 321 patients received 10 common IgG antibodies test by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and the results were analyzed statistically in Hainan General Hospital.Results Among the 1 321 patients,the main allergen was sardine,the positive rate was 23.39%,followed by scallop(22.33%)and grass carp(19.08%).Among of the patients of difference ages,the detection rates of specific IgG antibody for gadus,crab,prawn,sardine,grass carp,hairtail and scallop were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was also seasonal differences in the detection rates of specific IgG antibody for gadus,crab,grass carp and scallop(P<0.05);nonetheless,the gender difference was only statistically significant in prawn and sardine(P<0.05).Conclusion Sardine,scallop and grass carp are the most common aquatic products allergens for food intolerance in Hainan region.The detection of specific IgG antibody plays a momentous role in confirmation for allergen and food intolerance,due to the age and seasonal distribution of aquatic product-specific IgG antibodies and it would provide references for individualized treatment and health education for food intolerance disease.