妊娠早期胎儿小下颌畸形的声像图表现

Sonographic appearance of fetal micrognathia in early pregnancy

目的探讨鼻后三角切面下颌间隙在筛查妊娠早期胎儿小下颌畸形的应用价值。方法选取2014年1月至2018年5月佛山市第一人民医院检查发现的10例11~13+6孕周小下颌畸形胎儿,分析其声像图特点。结果10例11~13+6孕周胎儿诊断为小下颌畸形。10例胎儿颜面部正中矢状切面均显示下颌骨短小、颏后缩。8例鼻后三角切面上显示下颌间隙消失,被骨性强回声取代;2例为严重小下颌,鼻后三角切面未能显示下颌骨,也未能显示下颌间隙。6例胎儿合并其他部位结构畸形。所有病例均经引产后证实。结论观察鼻后三角切面下颌间隙有助于妊娠早期诊断胎儿小下颌畸形。

Objective To explore the application value of the mandibular gap on the retronasal triangle section in screening fetal micrognathia during the first trimester.Methods The data of 10 fetuses during 11~13+6 gestational weeks diagnosed as micrognathia at the First People's Hospital of Foshan from January 2014 to May 2018 were reviewed,and their sonographic features were analyzed.Results A total of 10 fetuses during 11~13+6 weeks were diagnosed as micrognathia.The mid-sagittal section of the face of 10 fetuses showed short mandible and chin retraction.Eight cases showed that the mandibular gap disappeared on the retronasal triangle section and was replaced by a strong echo of the bone.Two case showed severe micrognathia,and their retronasal triangle section failed to show the mandible and failed to show the mandibular gap.Six of the fetuses also combined structural abnormalities in other parts.All cases were confirmed after induction of labor.Conclusion Observing the mandibular gap on the retronasal triangle section helps to diagnose micrognathia of the fetus during the first trimester.