重症水痘合并脓毒血症回顾性分析4例

Retrospective analysis of 4 cases of severe varicella complicated with sepsis

目的:对收治的重症水痘合并脓毒血症4例的资料进行分析,探讨发展为重症的病因。方法:回顾性分析重症水痘合并脓毒血症4例患者的临床特点,均未接种水痘疫苗,有水痘患者接触史,血培养阳性2例,其中血培养提示沙门氏菌生长1例,提示合并感染伤寒。结果:4例患者年龄均在35岁以下,经抢救治疗后康复出院3例,医治无效死亡1例,最长住院时间24 d。结论:肝功能损伤、肺部感染、皮肤细菌感染进展为脓毒血症、脑炎均为重症水痘的并发症。建议水痘流行季节及时接种水痘疫苗,并与患者注意呼吸道及接触隔离,如果患水痘应积极到医院医治,避免病情加重。

Objective:To analyze the data of 4 cases of severe varicella complicated with sepsis,and to explore the etiology of severe varicella.Methods:The clinical characteristics of 4 patients with severe varicella complicated with sepsis were retrospectively analyzed.No varicella vaccine was inoculated.There was a history of contact with varicella patients.Two patients had positive blood culture.One of them showed Salmonella growth,suggesting typhoid infection.Results:All the 4 patients were under 35 years old.After rescue treatment,3 patients recovered and discharged.One patient died of ineffective treatment.The longest hospitalization time was 24 days.Conclusion:Liver function damage,pulmonary infection,skin bacterial infection progressing to sepsis and encephalitis are all complications of severe varicella.It is suggested that chickenpox vaccine be inoculated in time during the epidemic season,and that respiratory tract and contact isolation be paid attention to.If chickenpox patients are actively treated in the hospital,the aggravation of the disease can be avoided.