基于同步提取短时Fourier变换的高铁钢轨波磨检测

Detection of Rail Corrugation Based on Synchro-Extracting of Short-Time Fourier Transform

钢轨波磨已成为高速铁路轨道损伤的主要形式之一,影响着乘坐的舒适性及列车的运行安全性,因此寻找有效检测轨道波磨是必要的.针对同步压缩变换存在能量发散以及抗噪性差等问题,提出了基于同步提取变换的高铁钢轨波磨检测方法.利用同步提取变换对实测高铁轴箱振动加速度信号提取瞬时频率曲线及波磨的特征频率,获得了能量更加集中的时频表示及清晰的瞬时频率曲线,克服了同步压缩变换存在的能量发散以及频率混叠的问题.分析结果表明该方法实现了高铁钢轨波磨的检测与定位,与传统的方法相比速度快,精度高.

Rail corrugation has become one of the main forms of rail damage in high-speed railway,which affects ride comfort and train safety.It is necessary to find an effective detection of rail corrugation.Aiming at the problems of energy divergence and poor noise resistance in synchronous compression transformation,a method of rail corrugation detection based on synchronous extraction transformation is proposed.The instantaneous frequency curve and the characteristic frequency of corrugation are extracted from the vibration acceleration signal of high-speed railway axle box by using synchroextracting transformation.The time-frequency expression with more concentrated energy and clear instantaneous frequency curve are obtained,which overcomes the problems of energy divergence and frequency aliasing in synchrosqueezing transformation.The analysis results show that the method realizes the detection and location of high-speed rail corrugation,which is faster and more accurate than the traditional method.