传染性支气管炎病毒受体及其纤突蛋白受体结合域研究进展

Progress on Infectious Bronchitis Virus Receptor and Spike Protein Receptor Binding Domain

传染性支气管炎(IB)是一种由冠状病毒科γ属传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)引起的一种高度接触性传染病,有多个临床致病型。位于冠状病毒囊膜上的纤突蛋白(S)是病毒组织嗜性和致病性的主要决定因素,S1蛋白上受体结合域(RBD)与宿主细胞受体的结合是病毒感染的第一步,α和β属多种冠状病毒纤突蛋白(S)与宿主受体相互作用机制已研究得比较清楚,目前IBV受体及受体结合域是研究的热点。论文就近几年来IBV S蛋白的受体结合域、受体多样性、S1蛋白变异对RBD的影响及S2蛋白对IBV细胞嗜性的影响等方面研究进展进行综述,以期为揭示其致病机制,研制更有效的疫苗、抗病毒药物及诊断制剂等提供参考。

Infectious bronchitis(IB)is a highly contagious disease caused by theγgenus infectious bronchitis virus(IBV)of Coronavirinae,with multiple clinical pathogenic types.The spike protein(S)located on the coronavirus envelope is the major determinant of viral tissue tropism and pathogenicity.The binding of the receptor binding domain(RBD)to the host cell receptor on the S1 protein is the first step of virus infection.The interaction mechanism between the intercalated protein(S)ofαandβgenus Coronaviruses and host receptor has been studied clearly.At present,IBV receptor and receptor binding domain are hotspots.This article focused on the recent studies on the receptor binding domain of IBV S protein,receptor diversity,the effect of S1 protein mutation on RBD and the effect of S2 protein on cell tropism,in order to reveal its pathogenic mechanism and provide reference for the development of more effective vaccines,antiviral drugs and diagnostic preparations.