根际促生菌提高植物抗盐碱性的研究进展

Research Progress in PGPR Improving Plant’s Resistance to Salt and Alkali

土壤盐碱化已成为限制作物生长及产量的主要因素之一,严重制约农业的发展。提高作物的抗盐碱性,为提高我国农业持续高效发展奠定基础。从根际促生菌研究现状入手,介绍耐盐碱根际促生菌(Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,PGPR)的多样性。综述根际促生菌诱导植物建立抵抗或忍耐盐碱胁迫的机制,主要是通过产生植物激素、1-氨基-环丙烷-1-羧酸(ACC)脱氨酶、抗氧化防御物质、渗透调节物质、胞外多糖及挥发性化合物等生理活性物质,改变植物生理及物质代谢水平;另外,一些PGPR通过调节植物盐碱抗性相关基因及蛋白的表达,增强植物抗盐碱能力。通过对耐盐碱根际促生菌及其与植物互作进行展望,为大规模利用根际促生菌缓解盐碱土壤中植物的盐胁迫损伤、增加产量提供重要参考。

Soil salinization has become one of major factors limiting plant growth and reducing crop yield,thus seriously restricting the development of agriculture.Enhancing plant’s resistance to salt and alkali may lay the foundation for improving the sustainable and efficient development of agriculture in China.Here the research status of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)and the diversity of halotolerant PGPR are briefly reviewed.Furthermore,mechanisms of PGPR inducing plants to build the resistance and tolerance to salt and alkali are discussed,i.e.,changing plant physiology and substance metabolism via producing physiologically active substances such as phytohormone,1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid(ACC)deaminase,antioxidant defense substances,osmotic adjustment substances,exopolysaccharides(EPS),and volatile organic compounds(VOCs).In addition,some PGPR can also regulate the expressions of genes and proteins related to enhancing plant resistance to salt and alkali.The prospect of research on interaction between halotolerant PGPR and plants is carried out,aiming at promoting the large-scale application of PGPR to alleviate salt stress damage and increase yield of plants in saline-alkali soil.