基于自激振荡脉冲特性的磨粒流抛光不锈钢细管内壁的仿真与实验研究

Simulation and Experimental Study on Polishing Inner Surface of Tubule by Self-excited Oscillation Abrasive Flow

目的解决传统抛光方法对细管件或微孔内表面抛光困难的问题。方法提出一种基于自激振荡脉冲特性的磨粒流抛光方法。利用自激振荡腔,使磨粒流产生振荡脉冲,实现对细管件或微孔内壁高效抛光。建立自激振荡脉冲磨粒流流体区域的数学模型,并通过数值仿真计算获得自激振荡腔体的结构参数d2/d1和L/D以及过渡角β。搭建实验平台,实验验证了自激振荡脉冲特性磨粒流抛光方法的有效性。结果不锈钢细管件的抛光结果表明,加工12 h后,不锈钢细管件内壁的粗糙度Ra从480 nm降到50 nm,内壁面轮廓无明显的单向性纹理;14 h后,不锈钢细管内壁有明显镜面效果。而无振荡腔的情况下需要磨粒流抛光14 h,管件内壁表面粗糙度才达到55 nm,壁面轮廓存在明显的磨粒流抛光流动方向的纹路。结论通过仿真和实验证明了自激振荡脉冲效应抛光方法(SOAFP)的有效性。此外,在本实验条件下,自激振荡腔体的结构参数d2/d1=1.6、L/D=0.5和过渡角β=60°时,抛光效率和抛光后表面质量最佳。

The work aims to polishing the inner surface of tubule or microholes which is hard to do by traditional polishing method.A novel abrasive flow polishing method(SOAFP)based on self-oscillation pulse characteristics was proposed。Self-excited oscillation cavity was used to produce the pulsation of abrasive flow,which can efficiently polish the inner surface of the tubule or microhole.The mathematical model was established and the numerical simulation was carried out,the structural parameters d2/d1,L/D and transition angleβwere obtained.The experimental platform was built and the effectiveness of SOAFP was verified by experiments.The result shows that the roughness of the inner surface of stainless steel tubule Ra was reduced from 480 nm to 50 nm after 12 hours of processing of SOAFP,with no obvious directional texture,and 14 hours later,the inner surface of stainless steel tubule had obvious mirror effect.In the case of non-oscillation cavity,the surface roughness of the inner wall of the tubule was 55 nm after 14 hours of polishing,and there was obvious directional texture on the inner surface.The simulation and experiments show the effectiveness of self-excited oscillation pulse effect polishing method(SOAFP),and the improvement of polishing effect and quality by the structure parameters of the structural parameters d2/d1,L/D and transition angleβ.