肠道寄生虫与菌群互作关系研究进展

Advances on the Interaction Between Intestinal Parasites and Flora

肠道菌群是动物机体的重要组成部分,与寄生虫和宿主的关系十分密切。寄生虫感染往往会对宿主产生不利影响,其致病作用与寄生虫种类、寄生部位及其与宿主的相互作用有关。寄生虫感染可导致肠道微生态的改变、失调和炎症性疾病;肠道菌群也影响寄生虫在宿主体内的定植、增殖和毒力。肠道寄生虫包括寄生蠕虫和原虫,近年来对肠道寄生虫与菌群相互作用研究发现,无论是原虫还是蠕虫感染均可导致肠道微生物组成和多样性的改变,对宿主产生致病作用,而蠕虫对炎症性肠病的潜在治疗作用一度颠覆了以往人们对于寄生虫的认知。肠道菌群可促进或抑制寄生虫对宿主的致病作用,且益生菌对肠道寄生虫感染有一定的预防或治疗作用。目前对寄生虫与菌群相互作用的研究仍然处于初期阶段,对其相互作用的机制尚不清楚。明确寄生虫与肠道菌群的相互影响及其作用机制,对深入理解寄生虫-肠道菌群-宿主的相互关系、研发有效的抗寄生虫微生态制剂具有重要意义。作者就近年来肠道蠕虫和原虫与菌群相互作用的研究进展进行了综述,并对该领域未来的研究方向进行展望,以期为预防和控制寄生虫病提供新的策略和理论依据。

Intestinal flora is an important part of animal body,and is closely related to parasites and host.Parasites infection often have an adverse effects on the host,and its pathogenicity are related to parasite species,parasitic sites and the interaction with the host.Parasites infection can lead to intestinal microecological changes,dysbiosis and inflammatory diseases.Intestinal flora also affects the colonization,proliferation and virulence of parasites in the host.Intestinal parasite include parasitic worms and protozoa.Studies on the interaction between intestinal parasites and flora in recent years have found that both protozoa and worms infection all can cause the changes of the composition and diversity of gut microbes and pathogenic effects on the host,and the potential therapeutic effect of helminth on inflammatory bowel disease once overturned people’s understanding of parasites.The intestinal flora can promote or inhibit the pathogenic effect of the parasite on the host,and the probiotic has a certain preventive or therapeutic effect on the intestinal parasite infection.The research on the relationship between parasites and intestinal flora is still in the early stage,and the mechanism of its interaction is still unclear.Clarifying the interaction and mechanism between parasites and intestinal flora is of great significance for understanding the relationship between parasites,intestinal flora and the host,and developing effective anti-parasite microecologics.In this paper,the research progress of the interaction between intestinal worms and protozoa and microbiota in recent years is reviewed,and the future research directions in this field are prospected,which provide new strategies and theoretical basis for the prevention and control of parasitic diseases.