湖北典型矿冶城市土壤重金属污染评价及源解析

Pollution Evaluation and Source Analysis of Heavy Metals in A Typical Mining and Metallurgy City of Hubei

通过对湖北省典型矿冶城市表层土壤采样,测定其中Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb和Zn等8种重金属的质量比,探究土壤重金属空间分布与污染程度,并定量分析各污染源的贡献率。结果表明:Cd、Cu、Pb和Zn污染严重且具有类似的污染空间分布,均在工矿活动区域富集,Co和Cu高值区均出现在铜矿附近。Cd、Cr和Cu污染程度较高,对土壤生态环境有较大的不利影响。研究区内主要受综合采矿源、铜矿采矿-冶炼源影响,对土壤重金属的贡献率分别为41%和31%。

In this paper,the surface soil samples were collected from a typical mining and metallurgy city in Hubei,the mass ratio of Cd,Co,Cr,Cu,Mn,Ni,Pb and Zn were determined.The spatial distribution characteristics and pollution lever of the 8 heavy metals were discussed.The contribution rate of each source was quantitatively analyzed.The results showed that Cd,Cu,Pb and Zn pollution was severe and had similarly spatial distribution,all were concentrated in working area.High values of Co and Cu were appeared in copper mine.Cd,Cr and Cu pollution were serious,and had great adverse effects on the soil ecological environment.The comprehensive mineral source and copper mine source were the main influence factors in the research area,the contribution rates of heavy metals in soil were 41%and 31%respectively.