婚育妇女地中海贫血知信行现状的调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of KAP in Marriage and Maternal Women with Thalassemia

目的:分析温州市鹿城区五马社区婚育妇女地中海贫血知信行现状。方法:2017年1-12月,采用随机抽样的方式选取鹿城区五马社区婚育妇女218名为调查对象,通过地中海贫血知信行(KAP)调查问卷分析婚育妇女的KAP现状,并对比分析已婚与未婚者的KAP差异。结果:收回有效问卷208份,婚育妇女对地中海贫血知识知晓率低,已婚育龄妇女地中海贫血知识得分显著高于未婚妇女(P<0.05),其中已婚妇女对地中海的病因、临床表现、治疗及知晓率显著高于未婚妇女(P<0.05);已婚育龄妇女地中海贫血态度、行为得分显著高于未婚(P<0.05),"如果无不适症状,女方是否有必要在孕前或孕期接受地中海贫血筛查?"、"您是否曾经接受过地中海贫血筛查?"已婚育龄妇女的正确率显著高于未婚妇女(p<0.05)。结论:五马社区婚育妇女地中海贫血的知信行现状不容乐观,需加强地中海贫血知识宣教、筛查,切实提高社区地中海贫血的早诊早治率,减少地中海贫血患儿的出生。

[Objective]To investigate the knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP)status of thalassanemia in marital women in a community of Wuma district in Wenzhou.[Method]With the method of cluster sampling,218 cases of marital women in a community of Wuma district in Wenzhou was selected as survey objects from Jan.to Dec.2017.The status of KAP were analyzed through KAP survey questionnaire of thalassanemia,and the difference of KAP between married and unmarried was comparatively analyzed.[Result]There was 208 case of effective questionnaires,the awareness rate of thalassanemia in reproductive age women was low,and married women had higher significantly knowledge score than unmarried women(P<0.05).The biology,clinical manifestations,treatment and awareness rate in married women was significantly higher than that in unmarried women(P<0.05).Married women of childbearing age to poor attitude,behavior score is significantly higher than unmarried(P<0.05).The accuracy rate of the question"if no discomfort,whether thalassanemia screening is needed for woman before or during pregnancy"、"Have you ever received the thalassanemia screening、in married women was significantly higher than that in unmarried women(P<0.05).[Conclusion]The KAP status of thalassanemia in marital women in Wuma community is not optimistic.Education and screening should be strengthened to improve the early diagnosis and treatment of thalassanemia,reduce the birth of thalassanemia.