超高水通量聚醚型聚氨酯微孔膜的制备及性能研究

Study on Preparation and Properties of Ultra-high Water Flux Polyether Polyurethane Microporous Membranes

采用不同于传统制模方法(湿法成膜)的快速冷却结晶法制备了聚醚型聚氨酯(PU)微孔膜,从而极大地提高了PU微孔膜在低压下的水通量。通过扫描电镜观察膜的结构,再通过孔隙率、吸湿率及截留率对膜的性能进行了表征。结果表明:快速冷冻结晶法的膜结构不同于传统的膜结构,孔呈现梯形分布。虽然快速冷冻结晶法制得的PU微孔膜孔隙率略微降低,对鸡蛋清蛋白的截留能力降低明显,但吸湿率和水通量均大大提高,特别是微孔膜的耐污染能力,能多次使用而不大幅降低微孔膜性能。

Polyether-based polyurethane(PU)microporous membranes were prepared by rapid cooling crystallization method different from traditional moulding method(wet film forming),which greatly increased the water flux of PU microporous membranes at low pressure.The structure of the membranes was observed by scanning electron microscopy,and the properties of the membranes were characterized by porosity,moisture absorption and retention.The results show that the membrane structure of the rapid freezing crystallization method is different from that of the traditional one,and the pore distribution is trapezoidal.Although the porosity of PU microporous membranes prepared by rapid freezing crystallization method decreases slightly and the retention capacity of egg albumin decreases significantly,the moisture absorption and water flux increase greatly,especially the pollution resistance of microporous membranes,which could be used many times without significantly reducing the performance of microporous membranes.