2000—2015年中国大陆海洋岸线变化多视角分析

Multi-perspective analysis of the change of ocean coastline in China's Mainland from 2000 to 2015

针对中国大陆海洋岸线在宏观尺度、长时间序列下分析角度较少的问题,该文利用遥感与GIS技术,以2000、2015年2个时期为特征年,从海洋岸线长度与结构、分形维数、岸线变化速率与稳定性、开发利用负荷等角度,综合分析2000-2015年中国大陆海洋岸线时空变化特征。结论如下:①近15年来,海洋岸线总长度增加1 716km,岸线结构变化显著,人工岸线剧增,自然岸线锐减;②海洋岸线分形维数呈增长趋势,具有“北方<全国<南方”的宏观格局特征;③海洋岸线年均变化速率为33.03(m·a-1),岸线的变化速率、稳定性具有显著的空间差异性,北方向海扩张趋势较集中、规模较大;④中国大陆海洋岸线约30%为开发岸线,且海岸开发以重度为主,分布不均,北方岸线开发利用负荷度较高。

Aiming at the problem of less analysis of the change of ocean coastline in China's Mainland on a macroscopic scale and with long time series and angles,this paper studied that by using remote sensing images of Landsat TM and OLI between the year of 2000 and 2015.Coastline changes from 2000 to 2015 were analyzed in terms of the length and structure of the ocean coastline,fractal dimension,the rate and stability of the coastline,and utilization intensity.The results showed that:①the ocean coastline length of China increased 1 716 km during the past 15 years.Coastline structure changed dramatically,because the artificial coastline had increased sharply,and the natural coastline had decreased sharply.② Ocean coastline fractal dimension was increasing.The trend was consistent with the trend of coastline length,and the fractal dimension showed the macroscopic pattern of"Northern<Overall<Southern".③The average annual rate of change of ocean coastline based on the profile was 33.03(m·a-1).The rate of change and stability of the coastline had significant spatial differences.The trend of expansion to the sea in the northern region was concentrated and larger.④About 30% of the ocean coastline in China's Mainland was developed for coastline.The developed coastline was mainly developed with heavy development,and the coastal development was unevenly distributed.The intensity of coastlines utilization of the northern coastline was relatively high.