多层板式电涡流阻尼器构型与磁路优化分析

Configuration and magnetic circuit optimization of a multi-layer planar eddy current damper

为提升板式电涡流阻尼器(PECD)的耗能效率,对比分析了单层与多层PECD典型构型的紧凑性与材料利用率,发展与完善了多层PECD构型与磁路优化设计。基于某单排式多层PECD样机阻尼性能测试结果,校验了三维电磁场有限元稳态分析法预测PECD等效阻尼系数的精度;仿真分析获得了永磁体与导体铜板之间的磁场间隙、永磁体的固定材料、间距与布置方式等参数对多层PECD等效阻尼系数的影响规律,据此提出了多层PECD的优化构型与磁路。结果表明:与单层PECD相比,多层PECD耗能效率得到有效提升,结构也更为紧凑;磁场间隙及永磁体的固定材料、布置方式与间距等对PECD等效阻尼系数均有显著影响,其中磁场间隙、相邻永磁体磁极布置与间距等存在最优参数。多层PECD的优化构型与磁路为:磁场间隙宜尽可能减小;采用非导磁材料固定永磁体;同侧永磁体宜阵列布置;永磁体沿阻尼器运动方向磁极宜相反布置,间距取0.2倍永磁体同向尺寸;永磁体沿垂直于阻尼器运动方向磁极宜相同,且间距越小越好。

To improve the energy dissipation efficiency of a planar eddy current damper(PECD),the compactness and material utilization of typical configurations of single-layer PECD and multilayer one were compared,and the optimal configuration and magnetic circuit of multilayer PECD were further developed and improved.Based on the test results of damping performance of a single-row multilayer PECD prototype,the accuracy of the 3D electromagnetic field finite element steady state analysis method was verified to predict PECD equivalent damping coefficient.Effect laws of magnetic field gap between permanent magnet and conductor copper plate,fixed material,spacing and arrangement of permanent magnets on multilayer PECD’s equivalent damping coefficient were obtained with simulation analysis to propose the optimal configuration and magnetic circuit for multilayer PECD.The results showed that compared with single-layer PECD,the energy dissipation efficiency of multilayer PECD is significantly improved and its structure is more compact;magnetic field gap,and permanent magnets’fixed material,spacing and arrangement have significant effects on PECD equivalent damping coefficient,and there are optimal parameters for magnetic field gap,magnetic pole arrangement and spacing between adjacent permanent magnets;the optimal configuration and magnetic circuit of multilayer PECD have following features:magnetic field gap is as small as possible;non-magnetic conductive materialis used to fix permanent magnets;permanent magnets on the same side are arranged as an array;along PECD moving direction,magnetic poles between adjacent permanent magnets are arranged opposite with a spacing being 0.2 time of permanent magnet size in the same direction;along the direction perpendicular to PECD moving direction,magnetic poles between adjacent permanent magnets have the same polarity and their spacing is as small as possible.