高速侵彻体撞击充液容器形成的液压水锤效应研究进展

Review of study on hydrodynamic ram effect generated due to high-velocity penetrator impacting fluid-filled container

受高速侵彻体撞击的充液容器会出现大变形、撕裂甚至解体,这一现象被称作液压水锤效应。将液压水锤效应分成侵彻阶段、冲击阶段、阻滞阶段、穿出阶段和空泡振荡阶段等5个阶段,围绕这5个阶段以及液压水锤效应对充液容器结构的毁伤,阐述了该领域的国内外研究现状。目前液压水锤效应的相关研究还存在着不足,例如,侵彻体动能与初始冲击波的强度的关系及容器前面板和初始冲击波的相互作用;液体域大小和容器结构对空泡的扩展的影响;空泡振荡阶段容器内的压力分布及空泡的形态变化规律。

A fluid-filled container impacted by high-velocity penetrators may have large deformation,tearing or even disintegration.This phenomenon is called the hydrodynamic ram effect.This effect can be divided into five phases of penetration phase,shock one,drag one,exit one,and cavity oscillation one.Here,the current studying status of these five phases and damage actions of this effecton container structures were reviewed.The review showed that there are deficiencies in the related studies of this effect,such as,relation between penetrator kinetic energy and intensity of initial shock wave,interaction between container front panel and initial shock wave,influence of liquid domain size and container structure on cavity expansion,pressure distribution inside container and cavity morphological change law in cavity oscillation phase,etc.;they need to be further studied.