吊具夹持机构的结构优化研究

Research on structural optimization of spreader clamping mechanism

为使吊具夹持机构满足载重工况的同时又尽可能降低自身质量及体积,对其进行接触应力、结构强度及优化设计分析,并根据最优设计参数作为制作夹持机构实物的具体数据,以实现对大直径、高质量、高温度零件的吊装。首先,该文采用Ansys Workbench建立夹持机构的参数化有限元模型,并进行接触分析,得出强度相对薄弱位置,进而提出改进和优化方案。其次,建立夹持机构的结构优化模型,采用零阶优化方法进行优化处理,从而得到模型的最优设计参数。从优化结果可得,夹持机构的比重较轻,夹持臂厚度变薄,而此时的最大综合位移和最大等效应力依然满足设计要求。最后,以优化分析结果作为夹持机构的实物制作数据支撑,制作调试后的吊具现场使用状况良好,效果比较理想,可验证分析结果的准确性。

In order to make the spreader clamping mechanism meet the load-bearing working conditions while reducing its own mass and volume as much as possible,the contact stress,structural strength and optimization design analysis are carried out.And the specific design parameters are used as the data of the actual clamping mechanism to achieve the lifting of large diameter,high mass and high temperature parts.Firstly,this paper uses Ansys Workbench to establish a parametric finite element model of the clamping mechanism,and conducts contact analysis to obtain a relatively weak position,and then proposes an improvement and optimization scheme.Secondly,the structural optimization model of the clamping mechanism is established,and the zero-order optimization method is used to optimize the processing,so as to obtain the optimal design parameters of the model.From the optimization results,the clamping mechanism has a lighter specific gravity,the thickness of the clamping arm is thinner,the maximum comprehensive displacement and the maximum equivalent stress still meet the design requirements.Finally,the optimized analysis results are used as the physical data support of the clamping mechanism,the effect of the spreader on the field after the commissioning was good,the spreader after the commissioning are in good condition and the effect is satisfactory,which verifies the accuracy of the analysis results.