固定化Acinetobacter sp. T1细菌处理河道氨氮污染的研究

Study on the Treatment of Urban Polluted Water by Immobilized Acinetobacter sp. T1 Bacteria

利用吸附固定在无机载体上的高效脱氮细菌Acinetobacter sp.T1去除城市河道及底泥中的氨氮。从沸石、活性炭和硅藻土中选出最佳固定载体,优化固定过程中的环境条件,并进行去除氨氮的模拟实验。结果表明:硅藻土因其具有较大的比表面积、较高的Zeta电位,能固定更多的细菌,因而以硅藻土为载体制备的固定化细菌具有更高的氨氮去除率。同时,细菌T1在温度为35℃、pH值为8、摇床转速为90 r·min^-1、固定时间为24 h的条件下,在硅藻土上固定化效果最佳。在去除氨氮的模拟实验中,曝气辅助固定化细菌组对水体及底泥中氨氮去除效果最佳,反应16 d水体COD、NH 4+-N和TN浓度分别减少75.98%、99.32%和89.36%,底泥TOC和TN含量分别减少54.56%和44.84%,底泥体积减少14.93%。

Ammonia removal in urban polluted water and sediments was achieved by immobilized high-efficiency nitrogen-removing bacteria strain Acinetobacter sp.T1 using inorganic carrier materials.Zeolite,activated carbon and diatomite were compared so as to find the best carrier material.The preferred environmental conditions(temperature,pH,rotation speed,fixation time)for immobilizing bacteria T1 were studied and the performance of the immobilized bacteria under optimal condition for ammonia removal were tested by batch scale simulation experiments.Results show that due to its large specific surface area and high zeta potential,more bacteria were fixed onto diatomite.The immobilized bacteria using diatomite as carrier showed higher ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency.The optimal conditions for the immobilization of bacterial T1 were as follows:temperature of 35℃,pH of 8,shaking speed of 90 r·min-1 and fixation time of 24 h.Aeration-assisted immobilized bacteria experiment group showed highest ammonia removal efficiency during the simulation experiments.After 16 days of reaction,the COD,NH 4+-N and TN concentrations in water decreased by 75.98%,99.32%and 89.36%,respectively.The sediment TOC and TN contents decreased by 54.56%and 44.84%,respectively,and the sediment volume decreased by 14.93%.