基于Borda序值法与风险矩阵法的矿山开采安全风险评估

Risk Assessment of Mining Based on Borda Count Method and Risk Matrix Method

风险矩阵法因其简单易操作,已广泛应用于矿山企业风险评估,但传统的风险矩阵法不够精确,存在多个危险有害因素处于同一风险等级的情况,为合理确定危险有害因素的风险等级,制定针对性的安全管控措施,以湖北省某矿山为工程背景,根据现场调研和专家经验得到该矿山采矿工序的风险数据,运用Borda序值法优化的风险矩阵评价方法对采矿工序中存在的危险有害因素进行风险评估,依据Borda数对11种主要危险有害因素进行排序。结果表明,该矿山采矿工序存在的11类事故危险有害因素可细化为6级,其中冒顶片帮的风险最大,突(透)水和中毒窒息风险次之,井下火灾、坍塌、触电、高处坠落风险最低;针对危险有害因素风险分级结果,提出了针对性的安全管控措施,同时用实例验证了优化后风险矩阵评价方法的有效性。

The risk matrix method has been widely used in risk assessment of mine enterprise because of its simple and easy operation.While the traditional risk matrix method is not accurate enough and many dangerous and hazardous factors are at the same level of risk.To determine the risk level of dangerous and hazardous factors reasonably and make corresponding measures,the paper took a mine in Hubei province as the engineering background,in which the risk data of the mining process was obtained according to the field investigation and experience,the dangerous and hazardous factors in the mining process were evaluated by the risk matrix method optimized by Borda count method and 11 dangerous and hazardous factors were sorted according to Borda number.The results show that the 11 dangerous and hazardous factors can be classified into 6 grades and among them,the risk of roof fall is the greatest,the risk of flooding and poisoning choke is the second,and the risk of fire,collapse,electric shock and high falling are the lowest.The correlative safety measures are put forward according to the risk classification results and meanwhile,the effectiveness of the optimized risk matrix method is verified.