货车车架轻量化设计

Lightweight Design of Automotive Frame

为了降低车架质量,同时保证车架的强度、刚度和动态性能,采用了多目标拓扑优化方法进行设计。首先进行了原车架有限元分析,并建立了车架拓扑优化模型,采用折衷规划方法构造优化目标函数。然后利用层次分析法确定目标函数中各工况的权重系数。最后进行拓扑优化得到了车架拓扑结构,并根据拓扑结构对车架进行了二次设计。得到了新的车架结构,并与原框架结构进行了比较。结果表明,新车架模型的静、动态性能达到了设计要求,质量降低了12.13%。

In order to lighten the truck frame and ensure the strength,stiffness and dynamic performance of the truck frame,the multicondition topology optimization method is adopted.Firstly the original frame is analyzed by finite element method,and the frame topology optimization model is established.And the compromise programming method is used to construct the objective function.Then the weight coefficients of the objective function are determined by the analytic hierarchy process.Finally,the frame topology optimization structure is obtained,and the frame is redesigned according to the topology structure.The new frame structure is obtained and compared with the original frame.The results show that the static and dynamic performance of the new frame meets the requirements,and the weight is reduced by 12.13%.