2015-2019年清远市清城区食源性疾病事件流行特征分析

Epidemiological Characteristics of Foodborne Diseases in Qingcheng District of Qingyuan City From 2015 to 2019

目的分析清远市清城区食源性疾病事件的流行特征,为食源性疾病防控措施的制定提供参考依据。方法从食源性疾病监测系统收集2015-2019年广东省清远市清城区食源性疾病事件相关信息,对食源性疾病发生的时间分布、地区分布、发生场所分布、致病因素情况进行描述性分析,构成比的比较采用Fisher确切概率法。结果2015-2019年清远市清城区共发生食源性疾病事件22起,发病270人,住院51人,无死亡病例。3-8月发生食源性疾病事件16起,发病135人,住院24人,分别占事件数、发病人数和住院人数的72.7%、50.0%和47.1%。洲心、凤城街道两地共发生食源性疾病事件14起、发病141人、住院21人,分别占事件数、发病人数和住院人数的63.6%、52.2%和41.2%。宾馆饭店、家庭共发生食源性疾病事件19起、发病236人、住院50人,分别占事件数、发病人数和住院人数的占86.4%、87.4%和98.0%。由有毒动植物类引起的食源性疾病事件6起、微生物5起、化学性3起、不明原因8起,分别占事件总数的27.3%、22.7%、13.6%和36.4%。结论清远市清城区食源性疾病事件高发月份为3月、5月、6月和8月;高发地区依次为洲心、凤城街道,高发场所依次为宾馆饭店、家庭;主要致病因素依次为有毒动植物类、微生物。应加强对公众及餐饮单位有关人员的食品安全宣传,严格监管,建立完善机制,减少食源性疾病事件的发生。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in Qingcheng District so as to provide a basis for formulating prevention and control strategies and measures.Methods The food-borne disease events in Qingcheng District from 2015 to 2019 were collected from the food-borne disease surveillance system.Descriptive statistics were conducted on the time,area and occurrence site distribution and pathogenic factors of foodborne diseases.Chisquare test was used to compare the composition ratio.Results From 2015 to 2019,there were 22 foodborne disease incidents in Qingcheng district.A total of 270 cases occurred,and 51 cases were admitted to hospitals.No deaths were reported.From March to August,16 foodborne disease incidents occurred accounting for 72.7%of the total incidents;135 cases were reported accounting for 50.0%of the total cases;and 24 cases were admitted to the hospital accounting for 47.1%of the total hospital admissions.There were 14 foodborne disease incidents in Zhouxin and Fengcheng streets accounting for 63.6%of the total incidents;135 cases were reported accounting for 52.2%of the total cases;and 141 cases were admitted to the hospital accounting for 41.2%of the total hospital admissions.14 foodborne disease incidents were occurred in hotels,restaurants and family accounting for 86.4%of the total incidents;236 cases were reported accounting for 87.4%of the total cases;and 50 cases were admitted to the hospital accounting for 98.0%of the total hospital admissions.The pathogenic factors were as follows:poisonous animals and plants(6 incidents,27.3%),5 microorganisms(5 incidents,22.7%),3 chemicals(3 incidents,13.6%)and unknown causes(8 incidents,36.4%).Conclusion In Qingcheng District,the high incidence of foodborne diseases was in March,May,June and August,the high incidence areas are Zhouxin Street and Fengcheng Street,the high incidence places are hotels,hotels and families,and the main pathogenic factors are toxic animals,plants and microorganisms.We should strengthen food safety propaganda for the public and relevant personnel of catering units,strictly supervise,establish and improve the mechanism in order to reduce the occurrence of incidents.