241例急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者院前自救影响因素分析

Analysis on Influencing Factors of Pre-Hospital Self-Rescue in 241 Patients with Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

目的分析急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者院前自救现状及影响因素。方法选取2017年1月至2018年12月我院急诊科收治的院外发病的急性STEMI患者241例,采用多因素Logistic回归分析法分析患者院前自救现状及影响因素。结果241例STEMI患者,采取院前自救125例(51.9%),未采取院前自救116例(48.1%)。“发病地点在家”、“接受过胸痛急救培训或健康教育”是急性STEMI患者采取院前自救措施的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论急性STEMI患者采取院前自救的比例仍然不高。在家中发病更不容易引起患者本人或家属重视,提示在家中发病更应警惕。同时,对于高血压、冠心病等重点人群,应大社区教育及急救培训力度,通过多形式多渠道,普及胸痛自救互救知识,提高公众院前自救意识和能力。

Objective To analyze the present situation and influencing factors of pre-hospital self-rescue in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).Methods 241 cases of acute STEMI patients with out-of-hospital onset admitted to the emergency department of our hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 were selected.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the status quo and influencing factors of pre-hospital self-rescue.Results Among 241 STEMI patients,125 cases(51.9%)received pre-hospital self-rescue and 116 cases(48.1%)did not receive pre-hospital self-rescue."Onset at home"and"knowledge of first aid training or health education for chest pain"were independent factors for patients with acute STEMI to take pre-hospital self-rescue measures(P<0.05).Conclusions The proportion of pre-hospital self-rescue for acute STEMI patients is still not high.The incidence of illness at home is less likely to cause patients or family members'attention,suggesting that the onset of illness at home should be more vigilant.At the same time,for the key people such as hypertension and coronary heart disease patient,community education and emergency training should be strengthened to popularize the knowledge of self-rescue and mutual rescue of chest pain through multiple channels,so as to improve the public's awareness and ability of pre-hospital self-rescue.