小学教育专业实习生初次课堂教学体验研究——基于教育现象学视域

Research on the Initial Classroom Teaching Experience of Primary Education Interns:From an Educational Phenomenological Perspective

初次课堂教学对于教育实习生具有重要意义。通过访谈法和实物查阅法,收集小学教育专业实习生初次课堂教学体验素材,运用现象学研究方法对研究数据进行分析,从中概括出对教育对象的认识、指导教师对实习生的指导、多媒体的恰当运用、教育理论与教学实践的关系、实习生的角色冲突与心理调适等5个方面的主题。为改善实习生的初次课堂教学体验,提高其教育教学能力和水平,应注意以下几点:高校的理论教学应尽可能多地结合小学具体教学实践;高校与小学应多方帮助实习生进行心理调适;小学应建立健全机制,对实习指导教师的工作给予肯定;实习生应加强对小学生的认识与理解。

Initial classroom teaching is of great significance to educational interns.By consulting the internship reports of 278 interns in a university and conducting in-depth interviews with 10 of them,the researcher selected four typical experiences and analyzed them with the method of educational phenomenology.This paper explores the significance of five themes:the understanding of educational objects;the guidance of instructors to interns;the proper use of multimedia;the relationship between educational theory and teaching practice;and the self-psychological adjustment of interns.The research suggests that interns should strengthen their understanding of pupils;mechanisms should be established and improved to affirm the work of instructors;theory teaching in universities should be combined with the specific practice in primary schools as much as possible;and interns should be helped to adjust their psychological status in many ways.