麻黄、细辛对过敏性鼻炎大鼠作用机制的研究

Mechanism Research on the Effects of Mahuang and Xixin on Allergic Rhinitis in Rats

目的:为进一步阐释解表散寒、温肺化饮方剂多靶点抗鼻过敏反应作用机制,选择麻黄与细辛二味中药,旨在通过拆方,进一步明确经典名方抗AR药效作用靶点。方法:采用卵蛋白全身致敏与局部攻击方法制备AR大鼠模型。分为空白对照组、模型组、麻黄等效剂量组、细辛等效剂量组和细辛高剂量组。对比观察AR大鼠鼻中隔组织病理学变化、血清IFN-γ、IL-4和LTC4水平。结果:各用药组AR大鼠鼻黏膜上皮组织破坏明显减轻,毛细血管充血及嗜酸性粒细胞浸润明显改善。麻黄与细辛均能抑制AR大鼠血清LTC4水平,以细辛高剂量组作用最强,细辛与麻黄等效剂量组次之。结论:麻黄与细辛均为小青龙汤中有效药物,具有降低IL-4水平,升高IFN-γ水平的作用。其抗过敏药效通过抑制血清LTC4的产生及调节THI/TH2平衡而实现。

Objective:In order to further elucidate the mechanism of anti-nasal allergic reaction by multiple targets of antipyretic and warming lung decoction in traditional Chinese medicine,Mahuang(Herba Ephedrae)and Xixin(Radix et Ehizoma Asari)were selected to further clarify the targe point of classic formula in the treatment of allergic rhinitis(AR).Methods:AR rat model was prepared by whole body sensitization and local attack of ovalbumin.After modeling,the rats were randomly divided into the model group,Mahuang group,high-dose Xixin group,and medium-dose Xixin group;the normal rats were taken as the blank control.The histopathological changes of nasal septum were observed,and the serum contents of IFN-γ,IL-4 and LTC4 were measured in all the groups.Results:The damage of epithelial tissue in the nasal mucosa was significantly alleviated,as well as the congestion of blood capillary and the infiltration of eosinophilic granulocytes were significantly improved in the medication groups.Both Mahuang and Xixin could inhibit the serum level of LTC4 in AR rats;of which the effect of high-dose Xixin was the strongest,followed by the equivalent dose of Xixin and Mahuang.Conclusion:Mahuang and Xixin are effective drugs in Xiaoqinglong Decoction,which can reduce the level of IL-4 and increase the level of IFN-γ.Its antiallergic effect is achieved by inhibiting the production of serum LTC4 and regulating THI/TH2 balance.